Neuroimmunological Implications of AQP4 in Astrocytes.
Neuroimmunological Implications of AQP4 in Astrocytes.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms17081306
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发表时间：
2016-08-10
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Ikeshima-Kataoka H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ikeshima-Kataoka H
脑具有高级功能，由神经元和神经胶质细胞等多种细胞组成。越来越清楚的是，许多种类的神经退行性疾病或多或少地受到星形胶质细胞的影响，星形胶质细胞是一种胶质细胞。水通道蛋白-4（AQP 4）是调节水渗透性的膜结合蛋白，是水通道蛋白家族的成员，其在中枢神经系统（CNS）中的星形胶质细胞的末端足中表达。最近，AQP 4已被证明不仅作为水通道蛋白，而且作为一种粘附分子参与细胞迁移和神经兴奋，突触可塑性和学习/记忆，通过涉及长时程增强或长时程抑制的机制。AQP 4最广泛的研究作用是其作为神经免疫诱导剂的能力。在此之前，我们发现AQP 4与促炎诱导剂骨桥蛋白（OPN）一起在损伤小鼠脑的神经免疫功能中起重要作用。本文就AQP 4的功能及其在神经免疫中的作用作一综述。这篇综述是一个很好的机会，汇编最近的知识，并可能有助于通过针对AQP 4的策略治疗自身免疫性疾病。最后，作者想假设AQP 4在反应性星形胶质细胞和反应性小胶质细胞之间的相互作用中的作用，这可能发生在神经退行性疾病中。此外，AQP 4相关的神经退行性疾病的治疗策略提出。
The brain has high-order functions and is composed of several kinds of cells, such as neurons and glial cells. It is becoming clear that many kinds of neurodegenerative diseases are more-or-less influenced by astrocytes, which are a type of glial cell. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), a membrane-bound protein that regulates water permeability is a member of the aquaporin family of water channel proteins that is expressed in the endfeet of astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, AQP4 has been shown to function, not only as a water channel protein, but also as an adhesion molecule that is involved in cell migration and neuroexcitation, synaptic plasticity, and learning/memory through mechanisms involved in long-term potentiation or long-term depression. The most extensively examined role of AQP4 is its ability to act as a neuroimmunological inducer. Previously, we showed that AQP4 plays an important role in neuroimmunological functions in injured mouse brain in concert with the proinflammatory inducer osteopontin (OPN). The aim of this review is to summarize the functional implication of AQP4, focusing especially on its neuroimmunological roles. This review is a good opportunity to compile recent knowledge and could contribute to the therapeutic treatment of autoimmune diseases through strategies targeting AQP4. Finally, the author would like to hypothesize on AQP4’s role in interaction between reactive astrocytes and reactive microglial cells, which might occur in neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, a therapeutic strategy for AQP4-related neurodegenerative diseases is proposed.
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