Structure of the influenza virus hemagglutinin.
Structure of the influenza virus hemagglutinin.
复制标题
流感病毒血凝素的结构。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-68120-2_1
复制
发表时间：
1981
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Ward
流感已经困扰人类几个世纪了，被描述为由不同病毒引起的不变疾病（Kilbourne 1975）。它经常影响很大一部分人口，无论其年龄或既往感染史如何，并且至今仍然是一种控制不力的疾病，尽管事实上传染源流感病毒在 50 年前首次被分离出来（参见 Beveridge 1977）。在其分离并开发出可在发育中的鸡胚中进行培养的技术后不久（Smith 1935），人们发现流感病毒颗粒可以凝集红细胞，并且可以通过这种血凝素反应轻松估计制剂中的病毒含量（Hirst 1941；McClelland 和 Hare 1941）。进一步表明，中和感染性的抗体制剂也可以防止血凝（Hirst 1942；Salk 1944）。这些简单的技术使流感病毒成为所有病毒颗粒中研究最多的病毒之一。它是最早在电子显微镜下观察到的病毒之一（Taylor 等人，1943 年），并且被发现由包膜颗粒组成，其外表面被一层紧密间隔的表面突起或尖刺覆盖（Hornest al. 1960；Hoyle 等人，1961；Waterson 等人，1961；Wrigley 1979）。随后的研究表明，流感病毒的外表面有两种类型的刺突（Laver and Valentine 1969），并且都是糖蛋白。主要的一种是血凝素，一种凝集素，它特异性地结合糖蛋白或糖脂的末端 N-乙酰神经氨酸残基（参见 Winzler 1969），并参与病毒感染的初始阶段（Klenk 等人 1975；Lazarowitz 和 Choppin 1975）。
Influenza has plagued man for centuries and has been described as an unvarying disease caused by a varying virus (Kilbourne 1975). It frequently affects a large proportion of the population irrespective of age or previous infection history and remains today a poorly controlled disease, despite the fact that the infectious agent, influenza virus, was first isolated 50 years ago (see Beveridge 1977). Soon after its isolation and the development of techniques for its ready cultivation in developing chick embryos (Smith 1935), it was discovered that influenza virus particles could agglutinate red blood cells and that the virus content of preparations could be readily estimated by this hemagglutinin reaction (Hirst 1941; McClelland and Hare 1941). It was further shown that antibody preparations which neutralized infectivity also prevented hemagglutination (Hirst 1942; Salk 1944). These simple techniques led to influenza virus becoming one of the most studied of all virus particles. It was one of the first viruses to be viewed under the electron microscope (Taylor et al. 1943) and was found to consist of an enveloped particle whose external surface is covered by a layer of closely spaced surface projections or spikes (Hornest al. 1960; Hoyle et al. 1961;Waterson et al. 1961; Wrigley 1979). It was subsequently shown that there are two types of spike on the outer surface of influenza virus (Laver andValentine 1969) and both are glycoproteins. The major one is the hemagglutinin, a lectin which specifically binds to terminal N-acetylneuraminic acid residues of glycoproteins or glycolipid (see Winzler 1969) and is involved in the initial stages of virus infection (Klenk et al. 1975;Lazarowitz and Choppin 1975).
组成和序列研究表明，A/duck/Ukraine/1/63 血凝素 (Hav7) 属于香港 (H3) 亚型。
DOI：
10.1099/0022-1317-53-1-163
发表时间：
1981
期刊：
The Journal of general virology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ward,CW;Webster,RG;Inglis,AS;Dopheide,TA
通讯作者：
Dopheide,TA
禽流感病毒的遗传多样性。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Sriram,G;BeanJr,WJ;Hinshaw,VS;Webster,RG
通讯作者：
Webster,RG
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
LAVER, WG;AIR, GM;WEBSTER, RG
通讯作者：
WEBSTER, RG