Cardiac effects of seasonal ambient particulate matter and ozone co-exposure in rats.
Cardiac effects of seasonal ambient particulate matter and ozone co-exposure in rats.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12989-015-0087-3
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发表时间：
2015-05-06
影响因子：
10
通讯作者：
Hazari MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farraj AK;Walsh L;Haykal-Coates N;Malik F;McGee J;Winsett D;Duvall R;Kovalcik K;Cascio WE;Higuchi M;Hazari MS
环境颗粒物（PM）的物理化学特性的季节性差异，以修改与气体污染物的相互作用的潜力还没有得到彻底的检查。本研究的目的是比较清醒的高血压大鼠的心脏反应，共暴露于浓缩的环境颗粒物（CAP）和臭氧（O3）在达勒姆，NC在夏季和冬季，并分析响应的基础上的颗粒质量和化学。在2011年夏季和2012年冬季，通过全身吸入将大鼠暴露于单独的细CAP（目标浓度：150 μg/m3）、单独的O3（0.2 ppm）、CAP + O3或过滤空气中一次，持续4小时。对植入生物传感器的遥测心电图（ECG）数据进行心率（HR）、ECG参数、心率变异性（HRV）和自发性心律失常分析。在暴露后一天，使用静脉注射的乌头碱，在一个单独的队列中测量触发心律失常的敏感性。PM元素组成和有机和元素碳馏分进行了分析，分别通过高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱和热光热解蒸发。使用化学质量平衡模型从元素分析中推断颗粒物来源。CAPs组成的季节性差异在颗粒物质量浓度（夏季，171 μg/m3;冬季，85 μg/m3），尺寸（夏季，324 nm;冬季，125 nm），有机：元素碳比（夏季，16.6;冬季，9.7）和硫酸盐水平（夏季，49.1 μg/m3;冬季，16.8 μg/m3）方面最为明显。冬季PM中金属的富集导致夏季和冬季金属暴露浓度相等。源解析分析表明，丰富的人为和海洋盐源在冬季曝光相比，夏季曝光，虽然只有4%的总PM质量归因于海洋盐源。单一污染物的心血管效应与CAPs和O3在夏季和冬季的曝光，有证据表明，共同曝光的独特影响和自主神经张力的相关变化。这些研究结果提供了证据的PM质量，大小，组成，和贡献的来源，和季节的显着影响，并确保引起的心血管反应。尽管生物反应存在不一致，但尽管PM物理化学成分存在差异，但在两个季节中，一些心血管反应仅在共同暴露组中明显。这些研究结果表明，单一的环境PM指标本身不足以预测与其他空气污染物相互作用的健康影响的潜力。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12989-015-0087-3）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The potential for seasonal differences in the physicochemical characteristics of ambient particulate matter (PM) to modify interactive effects with gaseous pollutants has not been thoroughly examined. The purpose of this study was to compare cardiac responses in conscious hypertensive rats co-exposed to concentrated ambient particulates (CAPs) and ozone (O3) in Durham, NC during the summer and winter, and to analyze responses based on particle mass and chemistry. Rats were exposed once for 4 hrs by whole-body inhalation to fine CAPs alone (target concentration: 150 μg/m3), O3 (0.2 ppm) alone, CAPs plus O3, or filtered air during summer 2011 and winter 2012. Telemetered electrocardiographic (ECG) data from implanted biosensors were analyzed for heart rate (HR), ECG parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), and spontaneous arrhythmia. The sensitivity to triggering of arrhythmia was measured in a separate cohort one day after exposure using intravenously administered aconitine. PM elemental composition and organic and elemental carbon fractions were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry and thermo-optical pyrolytic vaporization, respectively. Particulate sources were inferred from elemental analysis using a chemical mass balance model. Seasonal differences in CAPs composition were most evident in particle mass concentrations (summer, 171 μg/m3; winter, 85 μg/m3), size (summer, 324 nm; winter, 125 nm), organic:elemental carbon ratios (summer, 16.6; winter, 9.7), and sulfate levels (summer, 49.1 μg/m3; winter, 16.8 μg/m3). Enrichment of metals in winter PM resulted in equivalent summer and winter metal exposure concentrations. Source apportionment analysis showed enrichment for anthropogenic and marine salt sources during winter exposures compared to summer exposures, although only 4% of the total PM mass was attributed to marine salt sources. Single pollutant cardiovascular effects with CAPs and O3 were present during both summer and winter exposures, with evidence for unique effects of co-exposures and associated changes in autonomic tone. These findings provide evidence for a pronounced effect of season on PM mass, size, composition, and contributing sources, and exposure-induced cardiovascular responses. Although there was inconsistency in biological responses, some cardiovascular responses were evident only in the co-exposure group during both seasons despite variability in PM physicochemical composition. These findings suggest that a single ambient PM metric alone is not sufficient to predict potential for interactive health effects with other air pollutants. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-015-0087-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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DOI：
10.1080/10473289.2006.10464529
发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Aneja, Viney P.;Wang, Binyu;Steger, Joette
通讯作者：
Steger, Joette
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Fine, PM;Cass, GR;Simoneit, BRT
通讯作者：
Simoneit, BRT
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Carll, Alex P.;Lust, Robert M.;Farraj, Aimen K.
通讯作者：
Farraj, Aimen K.
美国健康效应研究中PM（2.5）化学成分的空间和时间变化。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Bell ML;Dominici F;Ebisu K;Zeger SL;Samet JM
通讯作者：
Samet JM
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Happo, M. S.;Hirvonen, M. -R.;Salonen, R. O.
通讯作者：
Salonen, R. O.