Global economic productivity losses from vision impairment and blindness.
Global economic productivity losses from vision impairment and blindness.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100852
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Burton MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marques AP;Ramke J;Cairns J;Butt T;Zhang JH;Muirhead D;Jones I;Tong BAMA;Swenor BK;Faal H;Bourne RRA;Frick KD;Burton MJ
在缺乏可获得的高质量眼睛保健服务和包容性环境的情况下，失明会以多种方式影响个人、家庭和社区，包括增加贫困、降低生活质量和减少就业。我们的目标是在区域和全球范围内估计由于失明和中、重度视力障碍(MSVI)而导致的就业减少所造成的年度潜在生产力损失。我们使用最新的经济、人口统计(2018)和流行率(2020)数据构建了一个模型。计算仅限于劳动年龄人口(15-岁)，并以2018年美元购买力平价(PPP)表示。使用国内生产总值(GDP)和国民总收入(GNI)计算了两个独立的模型，以最大限度地提高与先前估计的可比性。我们发现，160.7-10万患有MSVI或失明的人处于工作年龄内，并估计失明人士就业的整体相对减少为30.2%。在全球范围内，我们使用国内生产总值估计，MSVI和失明造成的潜在生产力损失每年的成本为4,107亿美元购买力平价(范围为322.1-5,187亿美元)，或国内生产总值的0.3%。使用国民总收入，总生产率损失估计为4,085亿美元购买力平价(范围为320.4-5,159亿美元)，比使用国内生产总值估计的低0.5个百分点。这些发现支持了这样的观点，即失明和MSVI与全球范围内的巨大经济影响有关。减少和预防视力损失，制定和实施帮助视障人士找到并保持就业的战略，可能会显著提高生产率。惠康信托基金对此提供了支持(207472/Z/17/Z)。JR在奥克兰大学的任命由新西兰布坎南慈善基金会提供资金。《柳叶刀》全球健康委员会的全球眼睛健康得到了伊丽莎白女王钻石禧年信托基金、摩尔菲尔德眼睛慈善基金(GR001061)、NIHR穆尔菲尔德生物医学研究中心、惠康信托、Sightsaver、弗雷德·霍洛斯基金会、塞瓦基金会、英国防盲协会和基督教盲人传教士的资助。资助者没有参与这项研究的设计、实施、数据分析或手稿的撰写。
In the absence of accessible, good quality eye health services and inclusive environments, vision loss can impact individuals, households and communities in many ways, including through increased poverty, reduced quality of life and reduced employment. We aimed to estimate the annual potential productivity losses associated with reduced employment due to blindness and moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI) at a regional and global level. We constructed a model using the most recent economic, demographic (2018) and prevalence (2020) data. Calculations were limited to the working age population (15–64 years) and presented in 2018 US Dollars purchasing power parity (ppp). Two separate models, using Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Income (GNI), were calculated to maximise comparability with previous estimates. We found that 160.7 million people with MSVI or blindness were within the working age and estimated that the overall relative reduction in employment by people with vision loss was 30.2%. Globally, using GDP we estimated that the annual cost of potential productivity losses of MSVI and blindness was $410.7 billion ppp (range $322.1 - $518.7 billion), or 0.3% of GDP. Using GNI, overall productivity losses were estimated at $408.5 billion ppp (range $320.4 - $515.9 billion), 0.5% lower than estimates using GDP. These findings support the view that blindness and MSVI are associated with a large economic impact worldwide. Reducing and preventing vision loss and developing and implementing strategies to help visually impaired people to find and keep employment may result in significant productivity gains MJB is supported by the Wellcome Trust (207472/Z/17/Z). JR's appointment at the University of Auckland is funded by the Buchanan Charitable Foundation, New Zealand. The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global Eye Health was supported by grants from The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity (GR001061), NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, The Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, The SEVA Foundation, The British Council for the Prevention of Blindness and Christian Blind Mission. The funders had no role in the design, conduct, data analysis of the study, or writing of the manuscript.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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