The human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus can produce the highest known number of meiotic crossovers.
The human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus can produce the highest known number of meiotic crossovers.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.3002278
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发表时间：
2023-09
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在大多数真核生物中，涉及减数分裂的有性生殖是必不可少的。这产生了具有新基因型的后代，既通过亲本染色体的分离，也通过同源染色体之间的交叉。人类机会致病真菌烟曲霉的性周期是已知的，但减数分裂的遗传后果仍然未知。在其他曲霉菌中，已知A. flavus具有中等高的重组率，平均每对染色体有4.2个交换，而A.相比之下，nidulans具有更高的比率，每个染色体对具有9.3个交换。在这里，我们展示了A.烟曲霉菌株，他们产生平均29.9交叉每染色体对和大的变化，在总的地图长度在额外的菌株杂交。每个染色体的这种交换率是任何已知生物的两倍多，我们讨论了与其他遗传模型系统的关系。我们通过使用未描述的ABC外排转运蛋白中的常设变异对实验室抗真菌药物吖啶黄的耐药性进行作图，验证了这种高交叉率。然后，我们证明，这种交叉率足以产生一种常见的多药耐药单倍型cyp 51 A基因（TR 34/L98 H）在杂交父母之间窝藏2个附近的遗传变异，可能解释这种单倍型的早期传播。我们的研究结果表明，该物种的基因组研究应该重新评估遗传区域之间的联系的共同假设。在A.烟曲霉提供了机会，以了解为什么这些利率一般不高于其他真核生物。烟曲霉是一种腐食性真菌，可导致严重的危及生命的侵入性感染的免疫功能低下的个人。通过构建重组图谱，研究表明，A.烟曲霉产生迄今所描述的每条染色体的最高数目的交换。
Sexual reproduction involving meiosis is essential in most eukaryotes. This produces offspring with novel genotypes, both by segregation of parental chromosomes as well as crossovers between homologous chromosomes. A sexual cycle for the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is known, but the genetic consequences of meiosis have remained unknown. Among other Aspergilli, it is known that A. flavus has a moderately high recombination rate with an average of 4.2 crossovers per chromosome pair, whereas A. nidulans has in contrast a higher rate with 9.3 crossovers per chromosome pair. Here, we show in a cross between A. fumigatus strains that they produce an average of 29.9 crossovers per chromosome pair and large variation in total map length across additional strain crosses. This rate of crossovers per chromosome is more than twice that seen for any known organism, which we discuss in relation to other genetic model systems. We validate this high rate of crossovers through mapping of resistance to the laboratory antifungal acriflavine by using standing variation in an undescribed ABC efflux transporter. We then demonstrate that this rate of crossovers is sufficient to produce one of the common multidrug resistant haplotypes found in the cyp51A gene (TR34/L98H) in crosses among parents harboring either of 2 nearby genetic variants, possibly explaining the early spread of such haplotypes. Our results suggest that genomic studies in this species should reassess common assumptions about linkage between genetic regions. The finding of an unparalleled crossover rate in A. fumigatus provides opportunities to understand why these rates are not generally higher in other eukaryotes. Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprotrophic fungus that can cause serious life-threatening invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals. By constructing a recombination map, this study shows that A. fumigatus produces the highest number of crossovers per chromosome ever described.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
HILL W G;ROBERTSON A
通讯作者：
ROBERTSON A
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Chowdhary A;Kathuria S;Xu J;Meis JF
通讯作者：
Meis JF
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Barber AE;Riedel J;Sae-Ong T;Kang K;Brabetz W;Panagiotou G;Deising HB;Kurzai O
通讯作者：
Kurzai O
影响因子：
3
作者：
Clutterbuck, AJ
通讯作者：
Clutterbuck, AJ
DOI：
10.3390/pathogens10060701
发表时间：
2021-06-04
期刊：
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fan Y;Wang Y;Korfanty GA;Archer M;Xu J
通讯作者：
Xu J