Nanoparticle contrast agents for X-ray imaging applications.
Nanoparticle contrast agents for X-ray imaging applications.
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DOI：
10.1002/wnan.1642
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cormode DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hsu JC;Nieves LM;Betzer O;Sadan T;Noël PB;Popovtzer R;Cormode DP
X射线成像是现代医学中最广泛使用的诊断成像方法，并且最近出现了该技术的几种先进形式。碘化分子和硫酸钡混悬液是临床批准的X射线造影剂，并广泛使用。然而，这些现有的造影剂提供的信息有限，对于新的X射线成像技术来说是次优的，并且正在产生安全性问题。因此，在过去的15年中，纳米颗粒作为X射线造影剂的发展迅速增长。纳米颗粒具有几个理想的特征，如高对比度的有效载荷，长循环时间的潜力，和可调的物理化学性质。纳米颗粒也被用于一系列生物医学应用，如疾病治疗，靶向成像和细胞跟踪。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了X射线造影剂产生的原理，并介绍了新型的X射线成像方式，以及适用于新型造影剂开发的潜在元素和化学成分。我们专注于纳米粒子X射线造影剂的进展，开发肾可清除，长循环，治疗诊断，靶向，或用于细胞跟踪。我们的特点是与新开发的多能量计算机断层扫描和乳房X线摄影成像技术结合使用的代理。最后，我们提供了目前的局限性和新兴的研究课题，以及对该领域的未来发展的期望的观点。这篇文章分类下：诊断工具>在体内纳米诊断和成像纳米技术生物学方法>纳米系统在生物学
X-ray imaging is the most widely used diagnostic imaging method in modern medicine and several advanced forms of this technology have recently emerged. Iodinated molecules and barium sulfate suspensions are clinically approved X-ray contrast agents and are widely used. However, these existing contrast agents provide limited information, are suboptimal for new X-ray imaging techniques and are developing safety concerns. Thus, over the past 15 years, there has been a rapid growth in the development of nanoparticles as X-ray contrast agents. Nanoparticles have several desirable features such as high contrast payloads, the potential for long circulation times, and tunable physicochemical properties. Nanoparticles have also been used in a range of biomedical applications such as disease treatment, targeted imaging, and cell tracking. In this review, we discuss the principles behind X-ray contrast generation and introduce new types of X-ray imaging modalities, as well as potential elements and chemical compositions that are suitable for novel contrast agent development. We focus on the progress in nanoparticle X-ray contrast agents developed to be renally clearable, long circulating, theranostic, targeted, or for cell tracking. We feature agents that are used in conjunction with the newly developed multi-energy computed tomography and mammographic imaging technologies. Finally, we offer perspectives on current limitations and emerging research topics as well as expectations for the future development of the field. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
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