What is the Source of Infections Causing Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella Disease?
What is the Source of Infections Causing Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella Disease?
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DOI：
10.1093/ofid/ofad086
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ashton, Philip M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chirwa, Esmeda B.;Dale, Helen;Gordon, Melita A.;Ashton, Philip M.
Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease is a clinical condition distinct from Salmonella gastroenteritis. With an overall case-fatality rate of 14.5%, iNTS remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the sources of infections that lead to cases of iNTS remain unclear. Broadly, there are 2 hypotheses as to the source of infections: (i) transmission from a zoonotic reservoir, similar to other nontyphoidal salmonelloses; or (ii) person-to-person transmission. Here we review several recent studies that have asked, “What is the source of infections causing invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease?” Two studies reported isolates in the stool of household members of iNTS cases that were very closely related (<3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) to the iNTS case isolates; this is consistent with the hypothesis of person-to-person transmission, but infection from a common source (eg, a foodstuff) cannot be excluded. On the other hand, thorough investigations of the domestic environment of iNTS cases and the food pathway found only a single iNTS-associated Salmonella Enteritidis isolate. Therefore, we recommend that future studies test the hypothesis that iNTS is transmitted between people within the domestic environment. Further studies of food and water pathways are also warranted. Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa, but the source of infection remains unknown. This review of the available evidence suggests that person-to-person transmission is a more likely source than animal or environmental reservoirs.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Carroll LM;Pierneef R;Mathole M;Matle I
通讯作者：
Matle I
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Feasey, Nicholas A.;Dougan, Gordon;Kingsley, Robert A.;Heyderman, Robert S.;Gordon, Melita A.
通讯作者：
Gordon, Melita A.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
通讯作者：
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56.3
作者：
Stanaway, Jeffrey D.;Parisi, Andrea;Crump, John A.
通讯作者：
Crump, John A.
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
Feasey, Nicholas A.;Hadfield, James;Keddy, Karen H.;Dallman, Timothy J.;Jacobs, Jan;Deng, Xiangyu;Wigley, Paul;Barquist, Lars Barquist;Langridge, Gemma C.;Feltwell, Theresa;Harris, Simon R.;Mather, Alison E.;Fookes, Maria;Aslett, Martin;Msefula, Chisomo;Kariuki, Samuel;Maclennan, Calman A.;Onsare, Robert S.;Weill, Francois-Xavier;Le Hello, Simon;Smith, Anthony M.;McClelland, Michael;Desai, Prerak;Parry, Christopher M.;Cheesbrough, John;French, Neil;Campos, Josefina;Chabalgoity, Jose A.;Betancor, Laura;Hopkins, Katie L.;Nair, Satheesh;Humphrey, Tom J.;Lunguya, Octavie;Cogan, Tristan A.;Tapia, Milagritos D.;Sow, Samba O.;Tennant, Sharon M.;Bornstein, Kristin;Levine, Myron M.;Lacharme-Lora, Lizeth;Everett, Dean B.;Kingsley, Robert A.;Parkhill, Julian;Heyderman, Robert S.;Dougan, Gordon;Gordon, Melita A.;Thomson, Nicholas R.
通讯作者：
Thomson, Nicholas R.