Evolution of trnF(GAA) pseudogenes in cruciferous plants

Evolution of trnF(GAA) pseudogenes in cruciferous plants
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十字花科植物中 trnF(GAA) 假基因的进化

DOI:
10.1007/s00606-008-0030-2
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Koch M.A.
Koch M.A.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schmickl R;Kiefer C;Dobeš C;Koch M.A.

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在几项研究中,我们使用叶绿体 DNA 的 5′-trnL(UAA)–trnF(GAA) 区域进行拟南芥属和 Boechera 属的系统发育地理学重建、基因多样性计算和系统发育分析。尽管在高等植物的叶绿体基因组中广泛的基因重复很少见,但在十字花科的几个属中,trnF(GAA)基因的反密码子结构域表现出广泛的基因重复,在功能基因的5'附近有1-12个串联重复拷贝。最近对来自众多十字花科类群的 trnL(UAA)–trnF(GAA) 区域的重新检查和附加分析不仅揭示了广泛的 trnF 基因重复,而且支持了这样的假设:在十字花科类群中至少有四个独立的系统发育谱系以这些假基因为特征。在这些谱系中,有一个主要的类群分支携带假基因,表明十字花科植物进化中存在古老的分裂。在 Boechera 和拟南芥两个案例研究中,分子内和分子间重组已被证明是几个相似基序相互交换的原因。然而,如拟南芥和Boechera所示,功能限制可能有利于2至3个或5至6个拷贝。在此,我们在Boechera(原属Cardaminopsis和Arabidopsis thaliana)cpDNA单倍型变异综合调查的框架内比较了假基因拷贝数的出现和分布,并评论了此类突变在系统发育和进化重建中的价值。
In several studies we used the 5′-trnL(UAA)–trnF(GAA) region of the chloroplast DNA for phylogeographic reconstructions, gene diversity calculations and phylogenetic analyses among the generaArabidopsisandBoechera. Despite the fact that extensive gene duplications are rare within the chloroplast genome of higher plants, within several genera of the Brassicaceae the anticodon domain of thetrnF(GAA) gene exhibit extensive gene duplications with 1–12 tandemly repeated copies in close 5′-proximity of the functional gene. A recent re-examination and additional analysis oftrnL(UAA)–trnF(GAA) regions from numerous cruciferous taxa not only reveal extensivetrnF gene duplications, but also favour the hypothesis that in cruciferous taxa at least four independent phylogenetic lineages are characterized by these pseudogenes. Among these lineages there is one major clade of taxa carrying pseudogenes indicating an ancient split in crucifer evolution. In two case studies,BoecheraandArabidopsis, intra- and inter-molecular recombinations have been shown to be the reason for the reciprocal exchange of several similar motifs. However, functional constraints might favour two to three or five to six copies as shown forArabidopsisandBoechera.Herein, we compare the occurrence and distribution of pseudogene copy number in the framework of a comprehensive survey of cpDNA haplotype variation inBoechera, the former genusCardaminopsisandArabidopsis thalianaand comment on the value of such kind of mutations in phylogenetic and evolutionary reconstructions.
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