Ancient adaptive evolution of the primate antiviral DNA-editing enzyme APOBEC3G.

Ancient adaptive evolution of the primate antiviral DNA-editing enzyme APOBEC3G.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020275
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发表时间:
2004-09
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Malik HS
Malik HS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sawyer SL;Emerman M;Malik HS

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宿主基因组采用了几种策略来抑制转座因子和病毒的增殖。最近发现的一种新的灵长类动物抗逆转录病毒感染的防御机制涉及一种单链dna编辑酶APOBEC3G,这种酶会导致HIV的高突变。hiv编码的病毒粒子感染因子(Vif)蛋白靶向APOBEC3G进行破坏,从而在APOBEC3G和Vif基因之间建立了遗传冲突。这种冲突导致改变蛋白质-蛋白质界面氨基酸的突变的快速固定,称为正选择。研究表明,APOBEC3G基因在灵长类动物进化史上一直受到强烈的正选择的影响。出乎意料的是,这种选择似乎比现代慢病毒更古老,而且可能只是部分由现代慢病毒引起的。此外,人类基因组中另外五个APOBEC基因似乎也参与了类似的遗传冲突,在人类基因组中显示出一些积极选择的最高信号。尽管最近才被发现,但RNA和DNA的编辑可能代表了灵长类基因组中宿主防御的一种古老形式。APOBEC3G是一种像HIV一样编辑逆转录病毒DNA的基因,在HIV起源之前就处于正选择状态,这意味着RNA/DNA编辑代表了基因组内宿主防御的一种古老形式
Host genomes have adopted several strategies to curb the proliferation of transposable elements and viruses. A recently discovered novel primate defense against retroviral infection involves a single-stranded DNA-editing enzyme, APOBEC3G, that causes hypermutation of HIV. The HIV-encoded virion infectivity factor (Vif) protein targets APOBEC3G for destruction, setting up a genetic conflict between the APOBEC3G and Vif genes. This kind of conflict leads to rapid fixation of mutations that alter amino acids at the protein–protein interface, referred to as positive selection. We show that the APOBEC3G gene has been subject to strong positive selection throughout the history of primate evolution. Unexpectedly, this selection appears more ancient than, and is likely only partially caused by, modern lentiviruses. Furthermore, five additional APOBEC genes in the human genome appear to be engaged in similar genetic conflicts, displaying some of the highest signals for positive selection in the human genome. Despite being only recently discovered, editing of RNA and DNA may thus represent an ancient form of host defense in primate genomes. APOBEC3G, a gene that edits retroviral DNA like HIV, is under positive selection that predates the origin of HIV, implying that RNA/DNA editing represents an ancient form of intragenomic host defense
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