Bloom-forming cyanobacteria support copepod reproduction and development in the Baltic Sea.
Bloom-forming cyanobacteria support copepod reproduction and development in the Baltic Sea.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0112692
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gorokhova E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hogfors H;Motwani NH;Hajdu S;El-Shehawy R;Holmborn T;Vehmaa A;Engström-Öst J;Brutemark A;Gorokhova E
人们普遍认为，由于营养质量低和毒素的产生，夏季蓝藻华不能被食草动物有效利用；然而，这种就地效应的证据往往是相互矛盾的。通过对波罗的海桡足类和重氮营养丝状蓝藻的实地和实验观察，我们表明蓝藻实际上可能在夏季支持浮游动物的生产。为了突出浮游动物-蓝藻相互作用的这一方面，我们进行了：(1)实地调查蓝藻与桡足动物Acartia tonsa繁殖和生长指标之间的关系；(2)对双歧双翼桡足动物（A. bifilosa）摄入藻芽蓝藻（通过分子饮食分析测量）与机体反应（氧化平衡、繁殖和发育）之间的关系进行了实验研究；(3)对波罗的海北部沿海地区桡足类动物Acartia spp.和Eurytemora affinis的nauplii中蓝藻与生长指数之间的长期（1999-2009）关系进行了分析。在野外调查中，刺草对桡足动物的产蛋量和卵活力有积极的影响，有效地提高了桡足动物的活卵产量。相反，aphanizomensp .与卵活力呈负相关，但对活卵产量无显著影响。在本试验中，食用spumigna与绿藻Brachiomonas submarina混合对桡足动物的氧化平衡、卵活力和初生殖期发育有显著的积极影响，而对产蛋量有负面影响。最后，长期数据分析表明蓝藻对阿卡蒂亚（Acartia spp.）和阿卡蒂亚（E. affinis）的nauplial生长有显著的正向预测作用。综上所述，重氮营养蓝藻的形成有助于夏季浮游动物的摄食和繁殖，并为桡足类鹦鹉螺创造了良好的生长环境。
It is commonly accepted that summer cyanobacterial blooms cannot be efficiently utilized by grazers due to low nutritional quality and production of toxins; however the evidence for such effects in situ is often contradictory. Using field and experimental observations on Baltic copepods and bloom-forming diazotrophic filamentous cyanobacteria, we show that cyanobacteria may in fact support zooplankton production during summer. To highlight this side of zooplankton-cyanobacteria interactions, we conducted: (1) a field survey investigating linkages between cyanobacteria, reproduction and growth indices in the copepod Acartia tonsa; (2) an experiment testing relationships between ingestion of the cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena (measured by molecular diet analysis) and organismal responses (oxidative balance, reproduction and development) in the copepod A. bifilosa; and (3) an analysis of long term (1999–2009) data testing relationships between cyanobacteria and growth indices in nauplii of the copepods, Acartia spp. and Eurytemora affinis, in a coastal area of the northern Baltic proper. In the field survey, N. spumigena had positive effects on copepod egg production and egg viability, effectively increasing their viable egg production. By contrast, Aphanizomenon sp. showed a negative relationship with egg viability yet no significant effect on the viable egg production. In the experiment, ingestion of N. spumigena mixed with green algae Brachiomonas submarina had significant positive effects on copepod oxidative balance, egg viability and development of early nauplial stages, whereas egg production was negatively affected. Finally, the long term data analysis identified cyanobacteria as a significant positive predictor for the nauplial growth in Acartia spp. and E. affinis. Taken together, these results suggest that bloom forming diazotrophic cyanobacteria contribute to feeding and reproduction of zooplankton during summer and create a favorable growth environment for the copepod nauplii.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Degerholm, Jenny;Gundersen, Kjell;Soderback, Erik
通讯作者：
Soderback, Erik
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Gilardi, James D.;Toft, Catherine A.
通讯作者：
Toft, Catherine A.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Gorokhova, Elena;Engstrom-Ost, Jonna
通讯作者：
Engstrom-Ost, Jonna
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Guedes AC;Gião MS;Seabra R;Ferreira AC;Tamagnini P;Moradas-Ferreira P;Malcata FX
通讯作者：
Malcata FX
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Gorokhova, E
通讯作者：
Gorokhova, E