Preventing the link between SES and high-risk behaviors: "value-added" education, drug use and delinquency in high-risk, urban schools.
Preventing the link between SES and high-risk behaviors: "value-added" education, drug use and delinquency in high-risk, urban schools.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11121-011-0206-9
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Markham, Wolfgang A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tobler, Amy L.;Komro, Kelli A.;Dabroski, Alexis;Aveyard, Paul;Markham, Wolfgang A.
我们研究了学校为学生取得的好于预期的教育成果是否会影响城市、少数族裔青年吸毒和犯罪的风险。就读于芝加哥公立学校 (n=61) 的青少年 (n=2,621) 主要是非裔美国人和西班牙裔，他们在六年级（12 岁）和八年级（14 岁）完成了调查。增值教育是根据回归方程的标准化残差得出的，该回归方程根据学生的社会人口统计特征预测学校水平的学业成绩和出勤率，并被定义为在考虑到学校学生构成的社会人口统计特征的情况下，学业成绩和出勤率高于预期。多级逻辑回归估计了增值教育对学生吸毒和犯罪的影响。在考虑最初的危险行为后，增值教育与酒精、香烟和大麻使用率降低相关；偷窃；并参加团体对抗团体的战斗。在对个人和学校层面的协变量进行调整后，增值教育对吸烟和大麻的使用、偷窃和参与群体对抗群体斗争仍然具有显着的有益影响。经过这些调整后，饮酒（过去一个月和大量的偶发性饮酒）在假设的方向上显示出略微显着的趋势。市中心的学校可能会打破社会劣势、吸毒和犯罪之间的联系。鉴于个人干预措施的成本高昂，有必要确定与增值教育相关的流程，以改善学校环境。
We examined whether schools achieving better than expected educational outcomes for their students influence the risk of drug use and delinquency among urban, racial/ethnic minority youth. Adolescents (n=2,621), who were primarily African American and Hispanic and enrolled in Chicago public schools (n=61), completed surveys in 6th (aged 12) and 8th (aged 14) grades. Value-added education was derived from standardized residuals of regression equations predicting school-level academic achievement and attendance from students’ sociodemographic profiles and defined as having higher academic achievement and attendance than that expected given the sociodemographic profile of the schools’ student composition. Multilevel logistic regression estimated the effects of value-added education on students’ drug use and delinquency. After considering initial risk behavior, value-added education was associated with lower incidence of alcohol, cigarette and marijuana use; stealing; and participating in a group-against-group fight. Significant beneficial effects of value-added education remained for cigarette and marijuana use, stealing and participating in a group-against-group fight after adjustment for individual- and school-level covariates. Alcohol use (past month and heavy episodic) showed marginally significant trends in the hypothesized direction after these adjustments. Inner-city schools may break the links between social disadvantage, drug use and delinquency. Identifying the processes related to value-added education in order to improve school environments is warranted given the high costs associated with individual-level interventions.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Aveyard, P;Markham, WA;Daniels, H
通讯作者：
Daniels, H
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Bisset, Sherri;Markham, Wolfgang A.;Aveyard, Paul
通讯作者：
Aveyard, Paul
影响因子：
2
作者：
Daniels, H;Holst, J;Johansen, LU
通讯作者：
Johansen, LU
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
HILL, D
通讯作者：
HILL, D
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Komro, KA;Perry, CL;Toomey, TL
通讯作者：
Toomey, TL