Cell-Specific Suppression of 4-Coumarate-CoA Ligase Gene Reveals Differential Effect of Lignin on Cell Physiological Function in Populus.
Cell-Specific Suppression of 4-Coumarate-CoA Ligase Gene Reveals Differential Effect of Lignin on Cell Physiological Function in Populus.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.589729
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Li L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao S;Huang C;Luo L;Zheng S;Zhong Y;Sun J;Gui J;Li L
木质素是木质部组织中导管和纤维中次生细胞壁的主要成分。然而，木质素在植物生长过程中的细胞生理学意义尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们通过细胞特异性下调4-香豆酸-CoA连接酶基因（4CL）产生木质素修饰的杨树。在导管分子或纤维细胞中具有选择性木质素修饰的转基因植物允许我们研究木质素如何影响与植物生长有关的导管或纤维细胞的生理。结果表明，木质素生物合成的血管特异性抑制导致畸形的血管和正常的纤维，而木质素生物合成的纤维特异性抑制导致较少的木质素纤维和正常的血管。进一步的分析表明，长距离水运输的效率受到严重影响，在转基因与血管特异性木质素改性，而最小的影响是检测到在转基因与纤维特异性木质素改性。导管特异性木质素减少导致对干旱胁迫的高度敏感性和田间生长不良，可能是由于长距离运输水分的导管缺陷。木质素在不同细胞类型中的不同生理意义为木质素的选择性修饰以提高木质纤维素生物质利用率提供了见解。
Lignin is a main component of the secondary cell wall in vessels and fibers of xylem tissue. However, the significance of lignin in cell physiology during plant growth is unclear. In this study, we generated lignin-modified Populus via cell-specific downregulation of the 4-coumarate-CoA ligase gene (4CL). The transgenic plants with selective lignin modification in vessel elements or fiber cells allowed us to investigate how lignin affects the physiology of vessel or fiber cells in relation to plant growth. Results showed that vessel-specific suppression of lignin biosynthesis resulted in deformed vessels and normal fibers, while fiber-specific suppression of lignin biosynthesis led to less-lignified fibers and normal vessels. Further analyses revealed that the efficiency of long distance water transport was severely affected in transgenics with vessel-specific lignin modification, while minimal effect was detected in transgenics with fiber-specific lignin modification. Vessel-specific lignin reduction led to high susceptibility to drought stress and poor growth in field, likely due to vessel defects in long distance transport of water. The distinct physiological significance of lignin in different cell types provides insights into the selective modification of lignin for improvement of lignocellulosic biomass utilization.
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