Within-host evolution of bacterial pathogens.

Within-host evolution of bacterial pathogens.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro.2015.13
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发表时间:
2016-03
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
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其他
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全基因组测序为研究细菌病原体在人类定植和感染过程中的动态和基因组进化开辟了道路。将该技术应用于受感染宿主的适应纵向研究,特别是慢性机会性病原体感染患者的耐药性和宿主适应进化,揭示了显著的趋同进化模式,指出了进化的内在可重复性。在这篇综述中,我们描述了这些研究如何促进了我们对宿主内基因组进化机制和原理的理解,我们考虑了这些发现的后果,如对致病性的强大适应潜力。最后,我们讨论了基因组学可能在未来用于预测细菌感染的临床进展,并提出最佳治疗方案的可能性。
Whole genome sequencing has opened the way to investigating the dynamics and genomic evolution of bacterial pathogens during colonization and infection of humans. The application of this technology to the longitudinal study of adaptation in the infected host — in particular, the evolution of drug resistance and host adaptation in patients chronically infected with opportunistic pathogens — has revealed remarkable patterns of convergent evolution, pointing to an inherent repeatability of evolution. In this Review, we describe how these studies have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms and principles of within-host genome evolution, and we consider the consequences of findings such as a potent adaptive potential for pathogenicity. Finally, we discuss the possibility that genomics may be used in the future to predict the clinical progression of bacterial infections, and to suggest the best treatment option.
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