Functions of Exosomes and Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Allergy and Contact and Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity.
Functions of Exosomes and Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Allergy and Contact and Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity.
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DOI：
10.1159/000449249
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Askenase PW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nazimek K;Bryniarski K;Askenase PW
细胞外囊泡，如外泌体，是新近认识到的功能分子机制的细胞间运输机。值得注意的是，它们通常在细胞之间转移RNA和蛋白质，然后可以如本文所述参与过敏和相关超敏反应的复杂发病机制和疾病机制。这篇综述强调了这种细胞外囊泡在过敏介导细胞之间的相互作用中的体内参与的重要新认识，考虑到周围基质细胞介导的旁分泌表观遗传交换和通过循环从远处细胞内分泌接收外泌体。外泌体是生命的天然古老纳米粒子。它们由所有细胞和以某种形式由所有物种（下至真菌和细菌）制造，并存在于所有流体中。除了对它们在遗传调节传递中的作用的新关注之外，最近显示过敏原的外泌体转移可诱导过敏性炎症。重要的是，调节性和致耐受性外泌体可以有效地抑制变态反应和超敏反应，通常非特异性地起作用，但也可以由于外泌体表面被抗体包被而以抗原特异性方式进行。对外来体介导的过程的深入分析应该会导致早期诊断生物标志物的发展，以及过敏原特异性，预防和治疗策略。这些可能会显着降低目前过敏原特异性胃肠外脱敏程序和使用全身免疫抑制药物的风险。由于细胞外囊泡是生理性的，因此它们可以通过容易耐受的非侵入性途径（例如口服摄入、鼻腔给药，甚至可能吸入）被塑造用于治疗分子指令的特异性递送。
Extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, are newly recognized intercellular conveyors of functional molecular mechanisms. Notably, they transfer RNAs and proteins between cells in general, that then can participate, as described herein, in the complex pathogenesis of allergic and related hypersensitivity responses and disease mechanisms. This review highlights this important new appreciation of the in vivo participation of such extracellular vesicles in the interactions between allergy-mediating cells, taking into account paracrine epigenetic exchanges mediated by surrounding stromal cells and the endocrine receipt of exosomes from distant cells via the circulation. Exosomes are natural ancient nanoparticles of life. They are made by all cells and in some form by all species down to fungi and bacteria, and are present in all fluids. Besides a new focus on their role in the transmission of genetic regulation, exosome transfer of allergens was recently shown to induce allergic inflammation. Importantly, regulatory and tolerogenic exosomes can potently inhibit allergy and hypersensitivity responses, usually acting non-specifically, but also can proceed in an antigen-specific manner due to coating of the exosome surface with antibodies. Deep analysis of processes mediated by exosomes should result in development of early diagnostic biomarkers, as well as allergen-specific, preventive and therapeutic strategies. These likely will significantly diminish the risks of current allergen specific parenteral desensitization procedures, and of the use of systemic immunosuppressive drugs. Since extracellular vesicles are physiological, they can be fashioned for specific delivery of therapeutic molecular instructions through easily tolerated, non-invasive routes, such as oral ingestion, nasal administration, and perhaps even inhalation.
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影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Agarwal A;Fanelli G;Letizia M;Tung SL;Boardman D;Lechler R;Lombardi G;Smyth LA
通讯作者：
Smyth LA
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Arntz, Onno J.;Pieters, Bartijn C. H.;van de Loo, Fons A. J.
通讯作者：
van de Loo, Fons A. J.
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.172
发表时间：
2015-05-22
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Ban, Jae-Jun;Lee, Mijung;Kim, Manho
通讯作者：
Kim, Manho
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20021562
发表时间：
2003-12-15
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Campos RA;Szczepanik M;Itakura A;Akahira-Azuma M;Sidobre S;Kronenberg M;Askenase PW
通讯作者：
Askenase PW
过敏原特异性免疫疗法的机制和对过敏原的免疫耐受性。
DOI：
10.1186/s40413-015-0063-2
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
The World Allergy Organization journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Akdis CA;Akdis M
通讯作者：
Akdis M