Expanding roles for CD4⁺ T cells in immunity to viruses.
Expanding roles for CD4⁺ T cells in immunity to viruses.
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扩大了CD4⁺T细胞对病毒免疫的作用。
DOI：
10.1038/nri3152
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发表时间：
2012-01-20
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CD4+ T 细胞是抗病毒免疫的协调者、调节者和直接效应者。中和抗体可以针对许多病毒病原体提供保护，CD4+ T 细胞可以帮助 B 细胞产生更强、更持久的抗体反应。 CD4+ T 细胞主要通过两种方式帮助抗病毒 CD8+ T 细胞：它们在初级免疫反应期间最大限度地扩大 CD8+ T 细胞群，并促进病毒特异性记忆 CD8+ T 细胞群的生成。除了辅助功能外，CD4+ T 细胞还直接有助于病毒清除。它们分泌具有抗病毒活性的细胞因子，在某些情况下，可以通过细胞毒性杀死来消除受感染的细胞。记忆 CD4+ T 细胞在病毒再次感染期间提供卓越的保护。与新型效应CD4+ T细胞相比，记忆CD4+ T细胞具有增强的辅助和效应功能，可以在感染早期快速触发先天免疫防御机制。对病毒的免疫通常与细胞毒性 CD8+ T 细胞的发育有关。然而，CD4+ T 细胞对于病毒感染期间的保护也很重要。在这里，作者描述了不同 CD4+T 细胞亚群有助于抗病毒免疫反应的各种方式。病毒病原体通常会诱导强烈的效应 CD4+ T 细胞反应，这些反应因其帮助 B 细胞和 CD8+ T 细胞反应的能力而闻名。然而，最近的研究发现了 CD4+ T 细胞的其他作用，其中一些独立于其他淋巴细胞，并且描述了记忆 CD4+ T 细胞在病毒免疫中以前未被认识到的功能。在这里，我们回顾了 CD4+ T 细胞的全方位抗病毒功能，讨论了这些细胞在帮助其他淋巴细胞和诱导先天免疫反应方面的活性，以及它们的直接抗病毒作用。我们建议整合 CD4+ T 细胞的所有这些功能，以提供针对病毒病原体的高效免疫保护。
CD4+ T cells are orchestrators, regulators and direct effectors of antiviral immunity. Neutralizing antibodies provide protection against many viral pathogens, and CD4+ T cells can help B cells to generate stronger and longer-lived antibody responses. CD4+ T cells help antiviral CD8+ T cells in two main ways: they maximize CD8+ T cell population expansion during a primary immune response and also facilitate the generation of virus-specific memory CD8+ T cell populations. In addition to their helper functions, CD4+ T cells contribute directly to viral clearance. They secrete cytokines with antiviral activities and, in some circumstances, can eliminate infected cells through cytotoxic killing. Memory CD4+ T cells provide superior protection during re-infection with a virus. Compared with new effector CD4+ T cells, memory CD4+ T cells have enhanced helper and effector functions and can rapidly trigger innate immune defence mechanisms early in the infection. Immunity to viruses is typically associated with the development of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. However, CD4+ T cells are also important for protection during viral infection. Here, the authors describe the various ways in which different CD4+T cell subsets can contribute to the antiviral immune response. Viral pathogens often induce strong effector CD4+ T cell responses that are best known for their ability to help B cell and CD8+ T cell responses. However, recent studies have uncovered additional roles for CD4+ T cells, some of which are independent of other lymphocytes, and have described previously unappreciated functions for memory CD4+ T cells in immunity to viruses. Here, we review the full range of antiviral functions of CD4+ T cells, discussing the activities of these cells in helping other lymphocytes and in inducing innate immune responses, as well as their direct antiviral roles. We suggest that all of these functions of CD4+ T cells are integrated to provide highly effective immune protection against viral pathogens.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Arens, Ramon;Wang, Peng;Benedict, Chris A.
通讯作者：
Benedict, Chris A.
流感感染后气道中依赖于整合素 VLA-1 的独特组织记忆 CD4+ T 细胞群的鉴定。
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.0902281
发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chapman TJ;Topham DJ
通讯作者：
Topham DJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Azadniv M;Bowers WJ;Topham DJ;Crispe IN
通讯作者：
Crispe IN
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Brown, Deborah M.;Kamperschroer, Cris;Dilzer, Allison M.;Roberts, Deborah M.;Swain, Susan L.
通讯作者：
Swain, Susan L.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Brooke, Christopher B.;Deming, Damon J.;Johnston, Robert E.
通讯作者：
Johnston, Robert E.