Rapid sequential spread of two Wolbachia variants in Drosophila simulans.
Rapid sequential spread of two Wolbachia variants in Drosophila simulans.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1003607
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发表时间：
2013-09
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Weeks AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kriesner P;Hoffmann AA;Lee SF;Turelli M;Weeks AR
母体遗传的细胞内细菌沃尔巴克氏体可以通过各种方式操纵宿主繁殖，从而促进宿主种群内和宿主种群之间繁殖频率的增加。涉及细胞质不相容（CI）的操作，即受感染的雄性和未受感染的雌性之间的交配产生无法存活的胚胎，在节肢动物中很常见，并为受感染的雌性产生生殖优势。CI与沃尔巴克氏体变异wRi在加利福尼亚模拟果蝇种群中的传播有关，这被解释为双稳态波，其中局部感染频率只有在感染变得足够普遍以抵消不完美的母体传播和感染成本时才会增加。然而，母系遗传的沃尔巴克氏体有望进化为互惠共生，并且已知它们通过保护宿主免受传染性微生物或增加繁殖力来提高宿主的适应性。我们描述了在澳大利亚东海岸的D. simulans自然种群中，两种沃尔巴克氏体变种（wAu和wRi）在大约20年的顺序传播，其中只有一种引起显著的CI，自2004年以来，wRi取代了wAu。沃尔巴克氏体和mtDNA频率数据和分析表明，这些动态，以及早期在加利福尼亚的传播，最好被理解为有利变异的费舍尔波，其中局部传播倾向于从任意低频率发生。我们讨论了对沃尔巴克氏体-宿主动力学和共同进化的影响以及沃尔巴克氏体在疾病控制中的应用。沃尔巴克氏体是生活在节肢动物宿主细胞内的细菌，广泛存在于许多昆虫群体中。这些细菌可以通过细胞质不相容的过程在种群中迅速传播，即未感染沃尔巴克氏体的雌性与携带细菌的雄性交配时，胚胎会死亡。由于受感染的雌性将沃尔巴克氏体传给后代，这使它们处于繁殖优势，确保一旦感染达到足够高的频率，就能在昆虫种群中传播，从而克服对宿主的任何负面适应性影响。然而，尽管预测到这种快速传播，但在自然界中却很少观察到。在这里，我们展示了一种沃尔巴克氏体感染的拟果蝇在澳大利亚东部传播得非常迅速，取代了近年来传播的另一种沃尔巴克氏体感染。这些入侵似乎发生的频率很低，这意味着这两种感染可能对它们的宿主有益，而不是造成损失。这些结果对目前为抑制疾病而引入蚊子和其他昆虫种群的沃尔巴克氏体感染的传播具有启示意义。
The maternally inherited intracellular bacteria Wolbachia can manipulate host reproduction in various ways that foster frequency increases within and among host populations. Manipulations involving cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), where matings between infected males and uninfected females produce non-viable embryos, are common in arthropods and produce a reproductive advantage for infected females. CI was associated with the spread of Wolbachia variant wRi in Californian populations of Drosophila simulans, which was interpreted as a bistable wave, in which local infection frequencies tend to increase only once the infection becomes sufficiently common to offset imperfect maternal transmission and infection costs. However, maternally inherited Wolbachia are expected to evolve towards mutualism, and they are known to increase host fitness by protecting against infectious microbes or increasing fecundity. We describe the sequential spread over approximately 20 years in natural populations of D. simulans on the east coast of Australia of two Wolbachia variants (wAu and wRi), only one of which causes significant CI, with wRi displacing wAu since 2004. Wolbachia and mtDNA frequency data and analyses suggest that these dynamics, as well as the earlier spread in California, are best understood as Fisherian waves of favourable variants, in which local spread tends to occur from arbitrarily low frequencies. We discuss implications for Wolbachia-host dynamics and coevolution and for applications of Wolbachia to disease control. Wolbachia are bacteria that live within the cells of arthropod hosts and are widespread in many groups of insects. These bacteria can rapidly spread through a population through a process of cytoplasmic incompatibility whereby females uninfected by Wolbachia show embryo death when they mate with males carrying the bacteria. Because the infected females pass on Wolbachia to their offspring, this places them at a reproductive advantage, ensuring that the infection spreads through insect populations once it reaches a high enough frequency to overcome any negative fitness effects on its host. Yet while such a rapid spread has been predicted, it has rarely been observed in nature. Here we show that a Wolbachia infection of Drosophila simulans flies has spread very rapidly in eastern Australia, replacing another Wolbachia infection that has also spread in recent years. These invasions appear to have taken place from a very low frequency, implying that both infections are likely to have had a benefit to their hosts rather than a cost. These results have implications for the spread of Wolbachia infections currently being introduced into populations of mosquitoes and other insects for disease suppression.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
BABAAISSA, F;SOLIGNAC, M;DAVID, JR
通讯作者：
DAVID, JR
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Arthur, A. L.;Weeks, A. R.;Sgro, C. M.
通讯作者：
Sgro, C. M.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Hedges, Lauren M.;Brownlie, Jeremy C.;Johnson, Karyn N.
通讯作者：
Johnson, Karyn N.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Ballard, JWO
通讯作者：
Ballard, JWO
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-1809.1937.tb02153.x
发表时间：
1937-06-01
期刊：
ANNALS OF EUGENICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fisher, RA
通讯作者：
Fisher, RA