Gene Expression Profiles and Flavonoid Accumulation during Salt Stress in Ginkgo biloba Seedlings.
Gene Expression Profiles and Flavonoid Accumulation during Salt Stress in Ginkgo biloba Seedlings.
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DOI：
10.3390/plants9091162
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发表时间：
2020-09-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Li W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu N;Liu S;Lu Z;Pang S;Wang L;Wang L;Li W
银杏是一种具有经济价值的树种，其幼苗的叶子可产生多种黄酮类化合物。尽管土壤盐分对全球农业生产力构成严重威胁，但盐胁迫对银杏幼苗的影响仍不清楚。本研究发现，在高氯化钠浓度（200和300 mmol/L）下，幼苗生长受到抑制，叶片含水量、叶绿素和过氧化物酶（POD）酶活性显着降低，而可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸水平显着升高。然而，在低NaCl浓度（50和100 mmol/L）下，由于过氧化氢酶（CAT）和POD酶活性的调节，幼苗生长正常。为了阐明银杏耐盐性背后的分子机制，我们检测了用 100 mmol/L NaCl 处理的银杏幼苗的转录组。发现12个差异表达基因（DEG）参与离子渗透势信号转导和放大，包括2个ABA信号基因、5个CDPK/CIPK基因和5个丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号基因。我们还发现NAC转录因子可能参与盐胁迫反应；其中包括正调节器（Gb_12203、Gb_27819、Gb_37720 和 Gb_41540）和负调节器（Gb_32549、Gb_35048 和 Gb_37444）。重要的是，用100 mmol/L NaCl处理可以显着改善类黄酮和黄酮醇苷的生物合成。同时，类黄酮生物合成相关基因，包括PAL（Gb_10949、Gb_21115）和FLS（Gb_00285、Gb_14024和Gb_14029）的表达显着上调。基于这些结果，我们揭示银杏幼苗可以通过调节不同种类的基因和转录组因子，特别是类黄酮生物合成来耐受低水平的土壤盐分胁迫，从而提高对环境胁迫的响应。
Ginkgo biloba is an economically valuable tree, as a variety of flavonoid compounds are produced by the leaves of its seedlings. Although soil salinity is a serious threat to agricultural productivity worldwide, the effect of salt stress on G. biloba seedlings remains unclear. In this study, we found that under high NaCl concentrations (200 and 300 mmol/L), seedling growth was inhibited and the water content, chlorophyll, and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity were significantly decreased in the leaves, whereas the soluble protein and proline levels increased significantly. However, at low NaCl concentrations (50 and 100 mmol/L), the seedlings grew normally because of the regulation of catalase (CAT) and POD enzyme activities. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind G. biloba salt tolerance, we examined the transcriptome of G. biloba seedlings treated with 100 mmol/L NaCl. Twelve differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in ion osmotic potential signal transduction and amplification, including two ABA signaling genes, five CDPK/CIPK genes, and five mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling genes. We also found that NAC transcription factors may be involved in the salt stress response; these included positive regulators (Gb_12203, Gb_27819, Gb_37720, and Gb_41540) and negative regulators (Gb_32549, Gb_35048, and Gb_37444). Importantly, treatment with 100 mmol/L NaCl can significantly improve flavonoid and flavonol glycoside biosynthesis. Simultaneously, the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes, including PAL (Gb_10949, Gb_21115) and FLS (Gb_00285, Gb_14024, and Gb_14029), was significantly upregulated. Based on these results, we reveal that G. biloba seedlings can tolerate low-level soil salinity stress through the regulation of different kinds of genes and transcriptome factors, especially flavonoid biosynthesis, which is improved to respond to environmental stress.
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