Maternal investment, sibling competition, and offspring survival with increasing litter size and parity in pigs (Sus scrofa).
Maternal investment, sibling competition, and offspring survival with increasing litter size and parity in pigs (Sus scrofa).
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DOI：
10.1007/s00265-010-1128-4
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Bøe KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andersen IL;Nævdal E;Bøe KE
本研究的目的是探讨窝产仔数和胎次对同胞竞争、仔猪存活和增重的影响。据预测，对乳头的竞争将随着窝仔数的增加而增加，导致由于母体杀卵而导致的更高的死亡率（即，压碎）和饥饿，从而保持存活仔猪的数量恒定。我们预测随着窝仔数的增加，体重增加会产生负面影响。根据母体投资理论，我们还预测，仔猪死亡率会更高的窝出生在母猪的生活，因此，存活的仔猪数量会更高的早期窝。正如预测的那样，仔猪死亡率随着窝产仔数的增加而增加，这是由于压碎仔猪的比例增加，其中大多数仔猪在乳头竞争中失败，以及由于兄弟姐妹竞争增加引起的饥饿，导致幸存者数量恒定。仔猪体重在第1天和生长，直到断奶也下降，增加窝产仔数。第4胎次母猪因饥饿导致仔猪死亡率较高，但存活仔猪数不受胎次影响。总之，仔猪死亡率所造成的母亲压碎的仔猪，其中许多没有乳头成功，和饥饿引起的兄弟姐妹竞争，增加产仔数为大多数母猪胎次。断奶时存活仔猪的恒定数量表明，10至11头仔猪可能接近家养母猪能够照顾的上限。
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of litter size and parity on sibling competition, piglet survival, and weight gain. It was predicted that competition for teats would increase with increasing litter size, resulting in a higher mortality due to maternal infanticide (i.e., crushing) and starvation, thus keeping the number of surviving piglets constant. We predicted negative effects on weight gain with increasing litter size. Based on maternal investment theory, we also predicted that piglet mortality would be higher for litters born late in a sow's life and thus that the number of surviving piglets would be higher in early litters. As predicted, piglet mortality increased with increasing litter size both due to an increased proportion of crushed piglets, where most of them failed in the teat competition, and due to starvation caused by increased sibling competition, resulting in a constant number of survivors. Piglet weight at day 1 and growth until weaning also declined with increasing litter size. Sows in parity four had higher piglet mortality due to starvation, but the number of surviving piglets was not affected by parity. In conclusion, piglet mortality caused by maternal crushing of piglets, many of which had no teat success, and starvation caused by sibling competition, increased with increasing litter size for most sow parities. The constant number of surviving piglets at the time of weaning suggests that 10 to 11 piglets could be close to the upper limit that the domestic sow is capable of taking care of.
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
BEKOFF, M
通讯作者：
BEKOFF, M
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
FORBES, LS
通讯作者：
FORBES, LS
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
CLUTTONBROCK, TH;GUINNESS, FE;ALBON, SD
通讯作者：
ALBON, SD
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Held, Suzanne;Mason, Georgia;Mendl, Michael
通讯作者：
Mendl, Michael
DOI：
10.1016/0304-3762(76)90054-7
发表时间：
1976-01-01
期刊：
Applied Animal Ethology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hemsworth, P. H.;Winfield, C. G.;Mullaney, P. D.
通讯作者：
Mullaney, P. D.