The prevalence and origin of exoprotease-producing cells in the Bacillus subtilis biofilm.

The prevalence and origin of exoprotease-producing cells in the Bacillus subtilis biofilm.
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DOI:
10.1099/mic.0.072389-0
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发表时间:
2014-01
期刊:
Microbiology (Reading, England)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Stanley-Wall NR
Stanley-Wall NR
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marlow VL;Cianfanelli FR;Porter M;Cairns LS;Dale JK;Stanley-Wall NR

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革兰氏阳性杆菌枯草芽孢杆菌的生物膜形成在转录水平上受到严格控制。生物膜包含特化的细胞类型,这些细胞类型是由常驻等基因细菌的受控分化产生的。DegU是一种反应调节因子,控制枯草芽孢杆菌表现出的几种社会行为,包括群体运动、生物膜形成和细胞外蛋白酶(exoprotease)的产生。在这里,我们首次研究了生物膜内产外蛋白酶细胞的流行和起源。这是通过单细胞分析技术完成的,包括流式细胞术和荧光显微镜。我们发现,随着生物膜的成熟,产生外蛋白酶的细胞数量增加。随着时间的推移,这反映在转录水平的增加和外蛋白酶活性的增加上。我们继续证明产生外蛋白酶的细胞来自不止一种细胞类型,即产生基质的细胞和不产生基质的细胞。总的来说,这些发现使我们能够将产外蛋白酶的细胞添加到枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜形成过程中衍生的特化细胞类型列表中,并且这些数据突出了分化细胞起源的可塑性。
Biofilm formation by the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis is tightly controlled at the level of transcription. The biofilm contains specialized cell types that arise from controlled differentiation of the resident isogenic bacteria. DegU is a response regulator that controls several social behaviours exhibited by B. subtilis including swarming motility, biofilm formation and extracellular protease (exoprotease) production. Here, for the first time, we examine the prevalence and origin of exoprotease-producing cells within the biofilm. This was accomplished using single-cell analysis techniques including flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. We established that the number of exoprotease-producing cells increases as the biofilm matures. This is reflected by both an increase at the level of transcription and an increase in exoprotease activity over time. We go on to demonstrate that exoprotease-producing cells arise from more than one cell type, namely matrix-producing and non-matrix-producing cells. In toto these findings allow us to add exoprotease-producing cells to the list of specialized cell types that are derived during B. subtilis biofilm formation and furthermore the data highlight the plasticity in the origin of differentiated cells.
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