A brain-spine interface alleviating gait deficits after spinal cord injury in primates.
A brain-spine interface alleviating gait deficits after spinal cord injury in primates.
复制标题
灵长类动物脊髓损伤后，脑旋转界面减轻了步态缺陷。
DOI：
10.1038/nature20118
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发表时间：
2016-11-10
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Courtine G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capogrosso M;Milekovic T;Borton D;Wagner F;Moraud EM;Mignardot JB;Buse N;Gandar J;Barraud Q;Xing D;Rey E;Duis S;Jianzhong Y;Ko WK;Li Q;Detemple P;Denison T;Micera S;Bezard E;Bloch J;Courtine G
脊髓损伤破坏了大脑和协调运动的脊髓回路之间的通信。为了绕过损伤，脑机接口直接将皮层活动与肌肉的电刺激联系起来，这已经恢复了手部瘫痪后的抓握能力。从理论上讲，这种策略也可以恢复对腿部肌肉活动的控制。然而，复制自然和适应性运动运动背后的个体肌肉激活模式的复杂序列带来了巨大的概念和技术挑战。最近，我们在大鼠中发现，腰髓的硬膜外电刺激可以再现产生运动的协同肌肉群的自然激活。在这里，我们接口腿运动皮层活动与硬膜外电刺激协议，以建立一个脑脊髓接口，减轻步态缺陷后，脊髓损伤的非人灵长类动物。恒河猴被植入一个皮质内微电极阵列到腿部区域的运动皮质;和脊髓刺激系统组成的空间选择性硬膜外植入物和脉冲发生器与实时触发能力。我们设计并实现了无线控制系统，将伸展和屈曲运动状态的在线神经解码与促进这些运动的刺激协议联系起来。这些系统允许猴子自由行动，没有任何限制或约束拴在一起的电子设备。在完整的猴子脑脊髓界面的验证后，我们进行了单侧皮质脊髓束病变在胸部水平。早在受伤后六天，在猴子没有事先训练的情况下，脑脊髓接口就恢复了瘫痪腿在跑步机和地上的负重运动。集成在脑脊髓界面中的可植入组件都已被批准用于类似人类研究的研究应用，这表明脊髓损伤患者的概念验证研究的实用转化途径。
Spinal cord injury disrupts the communication between the brain and the spinal circuits that orchestrate movement. To bypass the lesion, brain–computer interfaces have directly linked cortical activity to electrical stimulation of muscles, which have restored grasping abilities after hand paralysis. Theoretically, this strategy could also restore control over leg muscle activity for walking. However, replicating the complex sequence of individual muscle activation patterns underlying natural and adaptive locomotor movements poses formidable conceptual and technological challenges. Recently, we showed in rats that epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbar spinal cord can reproduce the natural activation of synergistic muscle groups producing locomotion. Here, we interfaced leg motor cortex activity with epidural electrical stimulation protocols to establish a brain–spinal interface that alleviated gait deficits after a spinal cord injury in nonhuman primates. Rhesus monkeys were implanted with an intracortical microelectrode array into the leg area of motor cortex; and a spinal cord stimulation system composed of a spatially selective epidural implant and a pulse generator with real-time triggering capabilities. We designed and implemented wireless control systems that linked online neural decoding of extension and flexion motor states with stimulation protocols promoting these movements. These systems allowed the monkeys to behave freely without any restrictions or constraining tethered electronics. After validation of the brain–spinal interface in intact monkeys, we performed a unilateral corticospinal tract lesion at the thoracic level. As early as six days post-injury and without prior training of the monkeys, the brain–spinal interface restored weight-bearing locomotion of the paralyzed leg on a treadmill and overground. The implantable components integrated in the brain–spinal interface have all been approved for investigational applications in similar human research, suggesting a practical translational pathway for proof-of-concept studies in people with spinal cord injury.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Ethier, C.;Oby, E. R.;Bauman, M. J.;Miller, L. E.
通讯作者：
Miller, L. E.
DOI：
10.1109/tnsre.2006.875532
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Mushahwar, Vivian K.;Guevremont, Lisa;Saigal, Rajiv
通讯作者：
Saigal, Rajiv
影响因子：
4
作者：
Holinski BJ;Everaert DG;Mushahwar VK;Stein RB
通讯作者：
Stein RB
DOI：
10.1038/nrn.2016.9
发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kiehn O
通讯作者：
Kiehn O
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Milekovic T;Ball T;Schulze-Bonhage A;Aertsen A;Mehring C
通讯作者：
Mehring C