Development of social vocalizations in mice.
Development of social vocalizations in mice.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0017460
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发表时间：
2011-03-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wenstrup JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grimsley JM;Monaghan JJ;Wenstrup JJ
成年小鼠是高发声的动物，雄性和雌性都在同性和跨性别的社会交往中发声。老鼠幼崽也是非常有声音的，当它们很冷或从巢中取出时会产生孤立的声音。本研究探讨了幼犬孤立发声的发展模式，并将其与成人发声进行了比较。在三窝CBA/CaJ小鼠中，我们记录了出生后第5天（P5），P7，P9，P11和P13的隔离发声。成人发声是在各种社会情况下获得的。共记录了28,384个离散的声音信号，使用高频敏感的设备和分析的音节类型，频谱和时间特征，以及时间序列内的回合。我们发现，幼鼠除了一个音节外，其余的音节都是从成年人那里记录下来的。音节类型的比例随着发育而变化，但即使是最年轻的幼崽也会产生频率-时间变化的复杂音节。当所有的音节类型被汇集在一起进行分析时，从p5到p13，音节的峰值频率或持续时间的变化很小，尽管很重要。然而，个别音节类型表现出不同的，大的变化模式的发展，需要分析每一个音节类型分别。大多数成人音节的频率低得多，持续时间短。随着幼犬年龄的增长，发声的复杂性增加，在音节类型之间切换的趋势更大。从老年动物，p13和成年人的声音发作，有显着更多的序列结构比年轻的小鼠。总的来说，这些结果表明社会发声随着年龄的增长而发生了实质性的变化。未来的研究需要确定这些变化是否是由于发育过程影响声道或发声控制，或从声乐学习。为了提供进一步研究的工具，我们开发了一个MATLAB程序，可以生成与不同年龄的小鼠相对应的发声。
Adult mice are highly vocal animals, with both males and females vocalizing in same sex and cross sex social encounters. Mouse pups are also highly vocal, producing isolation vocalizations when they are cold or removed from the nest. This study examined patterns in the development of pup isolation vocalizations, and compared these to adult vocalizations. In three litters of CBA/CaJ mice, we recorded isolation vocalizations at ages postnatal day 5 (p5), p7, p9, p11, and p13. Adult vocalizations were obtained in a variety of social situations. Altogether, 28,384 discrete vocal signals were recorded using high-frequency-sensitive equipment and analyzed for syllable type, spectral and temporal features, and the temporal sequencing within bouts. We found that pups produced all but one of the 11 syllable types recorded from adults. The proportions of syllable types changed developmentally, but even the youngest pups produced complex syllables with frequency-time variations. When all syllable types were pooled together for analysis, changes in the peak frequency or the duration of syllables were small, although significant, from p5 through p13. However, individual syllable types showed different, large patterns of change over development, requiring analysis of each syllable type separately. Most adult syllables were substantially lower in frequency and shorter in duration. As pups aged, the complexity of vocal bouts increased, with a greater tendency to switch between syllable types. Vocal bouts from older animals, p13 and adult, had significantly more sequential structure than those from younger mice. Overall, these results demonstrate substantial changes in social vocalizations with age. Future studies are required to identify whether these changes result from developmental processes affecting the vocal tract or control of vocalization, or from vocal learning. To provide a tool for further research, we developed a MATLAB program that generates bouts of vocalizations that correspond to mice of different ages.
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