Structural basis for glucocorticoid receptor recognition of both unmodified and methylated binding sites, precursors of a modern recognition element.

Structural basis for glucocorticoid receptor recognition of both unmodified and methylated binding sites, precursors of a modern recognition element.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkab605
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发表时间:
2021-09-07
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Ortlund EA
Ortlund EA
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu X;Weikum ER;Tilo D;Vinson C;Ortlund EA

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DNA 甲基化最常见的形式涉及在胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤 (CpG) 二核苷酸的背景下向胞嘧啶碱基添加甲基。来自更原始生物体的基因组的 CpG 位点更加丰富,通过甲基化、脱氨基和随后突变为胸腺嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤 (TpG) 位点的过程,可以产生新的转录因子结合位点。在这里,我们研究了人类基因组中超过 36,000 个糖皮质激素受体 (GR) 共有结合基序的进化历史,并在通过脱氨基和随后的突变事件产生的调节区域中鉴定了其中的一个子集。 GR 可以与包含 CpG 位点的未修饰和甲基化前 GR 结合序列 (GBS) 结合。我们的结构分析表明,GBS 前体中的 CpG 甲基化与 GBS 中的 TpG 模拟的 Arg447 产生有利的相互作用。这种甲基特异性识别出现于 4.2 亿年前,在 GR 的进化过程中得到保留,可能有助于修复相关胞嘧啶的甲基化。我们的研究为现存的含有 TpG 的 GBS 可能的进化前体提供了高亲和力结合的第一个遗传、生化和结构证据。
The most common form of DNA methylation involves the addition of a methyl group to a cytosine base in the context of a cytosine–phosphate–guanine (CpG) dinucleotide. Genomes from more primitive organisms are more abundant in CpG sites that, through the process of methylation, deamination and subsequent mutation to thymine–phosphate–guanine (TpG) sites, can produce new transcription factor binding sites. Here, we examined the evolutionary history of the over 36 000 glucocorticoid receptor (GR) consensus binding motifs in the human genome and identified a subset of them in regulatory regions that arose via a deamination and subsequent mutation event. GR can bind to both unmodified and methylated pre-GR binding sequences (GBSs) that contain a CpG site. Our structural analyses show that CpG methylation in a pre-GBS generates a favorable interaction with Arg447 mimicking that made with a TpG in a GBS. This methyl-specific recognition arose 420 million years ago and was conserved during the evolution of GR and likely helps fix the methylation on the relevant cytosines. Our study provides the first genetic, biochemical and structural evidence of high-affinity binding for the likely evolutionary precursor of extant TpG-containing GBS.
DOI: 10.1038/nature12027
发表时间: 2013-04-18
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
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发表时间: 2016-07-07
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DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx057
发表时间: 2017-03-17
影响因子: 14.9
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通讯作者: Cheng X
DOI: 10.1038/274775a0
发表时间: 1978-01-01
期刊: NATURE
影响因子: 64.8
作者:
COULONDRE, C;MILLER, JH;GILBERT, W
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.07.003
发表时间: 2013-09
影响因子: 13.8
作者:
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通讯作者: Cidlowski JA