Effects of de-snaring on the demography and population dynamics of African lions
Effects of de-snaring on the demography and population dynamics of African lions
复制标题
去诱捕对非洲狮种群统计和种群动态的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110273
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Becker, Matthew S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banda, Kambwiri;Creel, Scott;Sichande, Mwamba;Mweetwa, Thandiwe;Mwape, Henry;de Merkle, Johnathan Reyes;Bwalya, Lengwe Mwansa;Simpamba, Twakundine;McRobb, Rachel;Becker, Matthew S.
狮子和其他非洲大型食肉动物的数量正在减少，部分原因是使用圈套进行非法狩猎，这会减少猎物的供应并直接杀死或伤害食肉动物。通过巡逻很难有效地从大型生态系统中清除圈套，但减少对大型食肉动物影响的另一种方法是密切监视种群，并解除在圈套中发现或已挣脱但仍携带金属丝的个体（通常受到严重伤害）。减少对大型食肉动物影响的去诱捕计划的有效性尚未经过直接测试。在这里，我们使用卢安瓜谷生态系统中 386 只单独识别的狮子的长期人口统计数据来测试一项为受伤狮子移除圈套并治疗伤口的计划对种群增长 (λ) 和种群规模 (N) 的影响。五年期间的随机莱斯利矩阵预测表明，人口随着去圈套的好处而增长，但预计在不去圈套的情况下人口会下降。去除诱捕后的平均年增长率 (λ) 为 1.037（70% 的年份都在增长），与观察到的种群规模变化非常匹配。对于一个假设被困动物如果不治疗就会死亡的模型，平均年增长率为 0.99（47% 的年份增长）；对于还考虑了幼崽死亡和杀婴增加以及雄性死亡率增加的超累加效应的模型，平均年增长率为 0.95（37% 的年份增长）。 解除诱捕需要付出大量努力，但它可以明显减少诱捕对狮子种群动态的影响。
Lions and other African large carnivores are in decline, due in part to effects of illegal hunting with snares, which can reduce prey availability and directly kill or injure carnivores. It is difficult to effectively remove snares from large ecosystems by patrolling, but an additional approach to reduce effects on large carnivores is to monitor the population closely and de-snare individuals who are found in a snare or have broken free but still carry the wire (often with serious injury). The effectiveness of de-snaring programs to reduce impacts on large carnivores has not been directly tested. Here, we used long-term demographic data from 386 individually identified lions in the Luangwa Valley Ecosystem to test the effects on population growth (λ) and population size (N) of a program to remove snares from injured lions and treat their wounds. Stochastic Leslie matrix projections for a period of five years showed that the population grew with the benefits of de-snaring, but was expected to decline without de-snaring. Mean annual growth (λ) with de-snaring was 1.037 (with growth in 70% of years), closely matching observed changes in population size. Mean annual growth was 0.99 (with growth in 47% of years) for a model that assumed snared animals would have died if not treated, and 0.95 (with growth in 37% of years) for models that also accounted for super-additive effects via the death of dependent cubs and increased infanticide with increased male mortality. De-snaring requires intensive effort, but it can appreciably reduce the effect of snaring on lion population dynamics.
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
KENNEY, JS;SMITH, JLD;MCDOUGAL, CW
通讯作者：
MCDOUGAL, CW
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Loveridge, A. J.;Sousa, L. L.;Macdonald, D. W.
通讯作者：
Macdonald, D. W.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Becker, Matthew;McRobb, Rachel;Kakumbi, Catherine
通讯作者：
Kakumbi, Catherine
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Bauer, Hans;Dickman, Amy;Macdonald, David
通讯作者：
Macdonald, David
检测顶级食肉动物的衰退并评估其原因：以赞比亚狮子为例
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
E. Rosenblatt;M. Becker;S. Creel;E. Dröge;T. Mweetwa;P. Schuette;F. Watson;J. Merkle;Henry Mwape
通讯作者：
Henry Mwape