Sigmoidal Acquisition Curves Are Good Indicators of Conformist Transmission.
Sigmoidal Acquisition Curves Are Good Indicators of Conformist Transmission.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-30248-5
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发表时间：
2018-09-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Farine DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smaldino PE;Aplin LM;Farine DR
行为通过文化传播传播的潜力对我们理解社会动态和进化具有深远的影响。一些研究提供了经验证据，证明地方传统可以通过顺从学习（即复制大多数）在动物种群中保持。从众偏差的特征是一种行为在人群中的流行程度与个体采取该行为的倾向之间的S形关系。出于这个原因，人们通常从S形习得曲线中推断出群体中是否存在从众学习，在S形习得曲线中，行为的总体采用率被视为因变量。然而，S形采集曲线的有效性作为证据的从众学习最近受到了挑战的模型表明，这种曲线可以通过替代学习规则，不涉及一致性。我们回顾了这些模型，发现所提出的替代学习机制要么依赖于错误或不切实际的假设，要么只适用于非常特定的情况。因此，我们建议，S形收购曲线继续作为证据，顺应性学习。我们的论文还强调了理解模型生成过程的重要性，而不仅仅是关注生成的模式。通过研究这些过程，我们的分析表明，目前的做法，由循证医学家提供了强有力的证据，在人类和非人类动物的顺从传播。根据：Acerbi，A.等，Sci. Rep. 6，36068（2016）; 10.1038/srep36068。
The potential for behaviours to spread via cultural transmission has profound implications for our understanding of social dynamics and evolution. Several studies have provided empirical evidence that local traditions can be maintained in animal populations via conformist learning (i.e. copying the majority). A conformist bias can be characterized by a sigmoidal relationship between a behavior’s prevalence in the population and an individual’s propensity to adopt that behavior. For this reason, the presence of conformist learning in a population is often inferred from a sigmoidal acquisition curve in which the overall rate of adoption for the behavior is taken as the dependent variable. However, the validity of sigmoidal acquisition curves as evidence for conformist learning has recently been challenged by models suggesting that such curves can arise via alternative learning rules that do not involve conformity. We review these models, and find that the proposed alternative learning mechanisms either rely on faulty or unrealistic assumptions, or apply only in very specific cases. We therefore recommend that sigmoidal acquisition curves continue to be taken as evidence for conformist learning. Our paper also highlights the importance of understanding the generative processes of a model, rather than only focusing solely on the patterns produced. By studying these processes, our analysis suggests that current practices by empiricists have provided robust evidence for conformist transmission in both humans and non-human animals. Arising from: Acerbi, A. et al. Sci. Rep. 6, 36068 (2016); 10.1038/srep36068.
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