Epigenetic studies in Alzheimer's disease: current findings, caveats, and considerations for future studies.

Epigenetic studies in Alzheimer's disease: current findings, caveats, and considerations for future studies.
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DOI:
10.1002/ajmg.b.32201
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发表时间:
2013-12
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Mill, Jonathan
Mill, Jonathan
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lunnon, Katie;Mill, Jonathan

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阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种散发性慢性神经退行性疾病,通常发生在生命的晚期。在过去的十年里,我们对AD遗传基础的理解取得了巨大的进步,但疾病风险的大量差异仍有待解释。通过修饰DNA、组蛋白和染色质在发育过程中调节基因表达的表观遗传机制,已被假设在其他复杂的神经生物学疾病中发挥作用,目前正在进行识别AD中全基因组表观遗传变化的研究。然而,简单的蛮力方法,已成功地用于全基因组关联研究是不太可能成功的表观基因组关联研究的神经退行性疾病。需要一种更学术的方法来理解表观遗传变异在AD中的作用,并仔细考虑研究设计、方法学方法、组织特异性和因果推断。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了支持AD表观遗传过程的实证文献,并讨论了这一新兴研究领域的重要考虑因素和未来方向。
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a sporadic, chronic neurodegenerative disease, usually occurring late in life. The last decade has witnessed tremendous advances in our understanding about the genetic basis of AD, but a large amount of the variance in disease risk remains to be explained. Epigenetic mechanisms, which developmentally regulate gene expression via modifications to DNA, histone proteins and chromatin, have been hypothesised to play a role in other complex neurobiological diseases, and studies to identify genome-wide epigenetic changes in AD are currently under way. However, the simple brute-force approach that has been successfully employed in genome-wide association studies is unlikely to be successful in epigenome-wide association studies of neurodegeneration. A more academic approach to understanding the role of epigenetic variation in AD is required, with careful consideration of study design, methodological approaches, tissue-specificity, and causal inference. In this article we review the empirical literature supporting a role for epigenetic processes in AD, and discuss important considerations and future directions for this new and emerging field of research.
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