Identifying molecules as biosignatures with assembly theory and mass spectrometry.

Identifying molecules as biosignatures with assembly theory and mass spectrometry.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-23258-x
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发表时间:
2021-05-24
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Cronin L
Cronin L
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marshall SM;Mathis C;Carrick E;Keenan G;Cooper GJT;Graham H;Craven M;Gromski PS;Moore DG;Walker SI;Cronin L

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寻找外星生命是困难的,因为我们不知道生命的独特特征是什么。我们展示了为什么在高丰度中发现的复杂分子是通用的生物特征,并展示了分子复杂性的第一个内在的实验易处理的措施,称为分子组装指数(MA)。为此,我们计算了数百万个分子的复杂性,并验证了它们的复杂性可以通过质谱法实验确定。这种方法使我们能够从来自世界各地,外太空和实验室的一组不同样本中识别分子生物特征,证明有可能建立基于MA的生命探测实验,该实验可以部署到地外位置,并用作复杂性尺度来量化实验室中指导前生物学合理过程所需的约束。这种方法对于在宇宙其他地方寻找生命或在实验室中创造新生命至关重要。在宇宙中寻找生命是困难的,因为生命系统的定义签名存在问题。在这里,作者提出了一种基于分子组装数和串联质谱的方法,可以识别生物系统产生的分子,并使用它来识别一系列样品中的生物特征,包括来自外太空的样品。
The search for alien life is hard because we do not know what signatures are unique to life. We show why complex molecules found in high abundance are universal biosignatures and demonstrate the first intrinsic experimentally tractable measure of molecular complexity, called the molecular assembly index (MA). To do this we calculate the complexity of several million molecules and validate that their complexity can be experimentally determined by mass spectrometry. This approach allows us to identify molecular biosignatures from a set of diverse samples from around the world, outer space, and the laboratory, demonstrating it is possible to build a life detection experiment based on MA that could be deployed to extraterrestrial locations, and used as a complexity scale to quantify constraints needed to direct prebiotically plausible processes in the laboratory. Such an approach is vital for finding life elsewhere in the universe or creating de-novo life in the lab. The search for life in the universe is difficult due to issues with defining signatures of living systems. Here, the authors present an approach based on the molecular assembly number and tandem mass spectrometry that allows identification of molecules produced by biological systems, and use it to identify biosignatures from a range of samples, including ones from outer space.
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