Innate immunity and alpha/gammaherpesviruses: first impressions last a lifetime.

Innate immunity and alpha/gammaherpesviruses: first impressions last a lifetime.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2020.07.002
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发表时间:
2020-10
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Tarakanova VL
Tarakanova VL
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jondle CN;Tarakanova VL

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在病毒入侵过程中,先天免疫系统被视为第一道防线,大量文献表明在急性感染期间先天免疫对多种病毒具有控制作用。但远不那么清楚的是先天免疫系统在慢性病毒感染期间的作用。这篇简短的综述聚焦于α -疱疹病毒和γ -疱疹病毒,这是两个高度流行的疱疹病毒亚科,在经历一生仅有一次的短暂急性裂解性感染期后,会建立终身潜伏感染,其特征是在免疫功能正常的宿主中偶发性再激活。尽管有许多相似之处,但这两个病毒家族具有不同的细胞嗜性和发病机制。在此,我们聚焦于已发表的体内研究,以综述这两个病毒亚科在急性以及特别是慢性病毒感染期间与完整宿主的先天免疫之间已知的相互作用。
Innate immune system is considered the first line of defense during viral invasion, with the wealth of the literature demonstrating innate immune control of diverse viruses during acute infection. What is far less clear is the role of innate immune system during chronic virus infections. This short review focuses on alpha- and gammaherpesviruses, two highly prevalent herpesvirus subfamilies that, following a brief, once in a lifetime period of acute lytic infection, establish life-long latent infection that is characterized by sporadic reactivation in an immunocompetent host. In spite of many similarities, these two viral families are characterized by distinct cellular tropism and pathogenesis. Here we focus on the published in vivo studies to review known interactions of these two viral subfamilies with the innate immunity of the intact host, both during acute and, particularly, chronic virus infection.
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