Alcohol-involved motor vehicle crashes and the size and duration of random breath testing checkpoints.
Alcohol-involved motor vehicle crashes and the size and duration of random breath testing checkpoints.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.14583
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ferris J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrison CN;Kwizera M;Chen Q;Puljevic C;Branas CC;Wiebe DJ;Peek-Asa C;McGavin KM;Franssen SJ;Le VK;Keating M;Williams FM;Ferris J
清醒检查站作为减少酒精相关机动车事故的干预措施具有强有力的经验和理论支持。本研究的目的是检查检查站规模（警察人数）和检查站持续时间（运行时间）是否会影响各个检查站与随后的酒精相关事故发生率之间的关联。昆士兰警察局提供了 2012 年 1 月至 2018 年 6 月在澳大利亚布里斯班进行的所有呼气测试的经纬度坐标以及日期和时间数据。我们对呼气测试的经纬度坐标应用了层次聚类分析，将检查点识别为由 ≥ 3 个呼气测试设备在 3 至 8 小时内进行的 ≥ 25 次呼气测试的集群。广义线性自回归移动平均 (GLARMA) 模型将涉及酒精的机动车事故数量与每周、以及 1 周前和 2 周前进行的检查点数量相关联。在为期 6.5 年（339 周）的研究期间，布里斯班共发生了 3,420 起与酒精相关的车祸，并设置了 2,069 个检查站。平均而言，检查点包括 266.0 次呼气测试 (SD=216.3)、16.4 个设备 (SD=13.7)，持续时间为 286.3 分钟 (SD=104.2)。每增加 10 个检查点，事故发生率就会在 1 周后下降 12%（IRR=0.88；95%CI：0.80,0.97）。我们没有根据检查点大小或持续时间检测到差异关联。清醒检查站与酒精相关机动车事故的减少有关，持续约 1 周。检查点的大小和持续时间似乎不会影响这种关系。
Sobriety checkpoints have strong empirical and theoretical support as an intervention to reduce alcohol-involved motor vehicle crashes. The purpose of this study was to examine whether checkpoint size (the number of police officers) and checkpoint duration (the amount of time in operation) affect associations between individual checkpoints and subsequent alcohol-related crash incidence. Queensland Police Service provided latitude-longitude coordinates and date and time data for all breath tests that occurred in Brisbane, Australia, from January 2012 to June 2018. We applied hierarchical cluster analysis to the latitude-longitude coordinates for breath tests, identifying checkpoints as clusters of ≥ 25 breath tests conducted by ≥ 3 breath testing devices over a duration of 3 to 8 hours. Generalized linear autoregressive moving average (GLARMA) models related counts of alcohol-involved motor vehicle crashes to the number of checkpoints conducted per week, as well as 1 week prior and 2 weeks prior. A total of 3,420 alcohol-related crashes occurred and 2,069 checkpoints were conducted in Brisbane over the 6.5-year (339-week) study period. On average, checkpoints included a mean of 266.0 breath tests (SD=216.3), 16.4 devices (SD=13.7), and were 286.3 minutes duration (SD=104.2). Each 10 additional checkpoints were associated with a 12% decrease in crash incidence at a lag of 1 week (IRR=0.88; 95%CI: 0.80,0.97). We detected no differential associations according to checkpoint size or duration. Sobriety checkpoints are associated with fewer alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes for around 1 week. Checkpoint size and duration do not appear to affect this relationship.
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