Stimulant treatment reduces lapses in attention among children with ADHD: the effects of methylphenidate on intra-individual response time distributions.
Stimulant treatment reduces lapses in attention among children with ADHD: the effects of methylphenidate on intra-individual response time distributions.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-009-9316-2
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Waxmonsky, James G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spencer, Sarah V.;Hawk, Larry W., Jr.;Richards, Jerry B.;Shiels, Keri;Pelham, William E., Jr.;Waxmonsky, James G.
关键词：
最近的研究表明，ADHD儿童的反应时间（RT）分布的个体内变异性的特点是一个特别大的偏斜，可能反映了注意力的丧失。该研究的目的是提供第一个随机化，安慰剂对照试验的影响，兴奋剂哌甲酯（MPH）对这条尾巴和其他RT分布特征。参与者是49名9至12岁的ADHD儿童。儿童参加了为期3天的双盲、安慰剂对照药物评估，在此期间，他们接受了长效MPH（Concerta®），最接近的等效剂量为0.3和0.6 mg/kg，每日3次。立即释放MPH。孩子们完成了一个简单的两个选择加速辨别任务和关闭药物。模式RT和偏离模式分别用于检查RT分布的峰值和偏斜。MPH显著降低RT分布的峰值和偏斜。重要的是，这两种药物作用是不相关的，这表明MPH可以改善反应的速度和变异性。用兴奋剂治疗的变异性的改善被解释为注意力缺失的减少。反过来，这可能反映了自我调节过程的刺激增强，理论上是ADHD的核心。
Recent research has suggested that intra-individual variability in reaction time (RT) distributions of children with ADHD is characterized by a particularly large rightward skew that may reflect lapses in attention. The purpose of the study was to provide the first randomized, placebo-controlled test of the effects of the stimulant methylphenidate (MPH) on this tail and other RT distribution characteristics. Participants were 49 9- to 12-year-old children with ADHD. Children participated in a 3-day double-blind, placebo-controlled medication assessment during which they received long-acting MPH (Concerta®), with the nearest equivalents of .3 and .6 mg/kg t.i.d. immediate-release MPH. Children completed a simple two-choice speeded discrimination task on and off of medication. Mode RT and deviation from the mode were used to examine the peak and skew, respectively, of RT distributions. MPH significantly reduced the peak and skew of RT distributions. Importantly, the two medication effects were uncorrelated suggesting that MPH works to improve both the speed and variability in responding. The improvement in variability with stimulant treatment is interpreted as a reduction in lapses in attention. This, in turn, may reflect stimulant enhancement of self-regulatory processes theorized to be at the core of ADHD.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01469.x
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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