Posttraumatic stress symptoms and tobacco abstinence effects in a non-clinical sample: evaluating the mediating role of negative affect reduction smoking expectancies.
Posttraumatic stress symptoms and tobacco abstinence effects in a non-clinical sample: evaluating the mediating role of negative affect reduction smoking expectancies.
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DOI：
10.1177/0269881114546708
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发表时间：
2014-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leventhal AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langdon KJ;Leventhal AM
创伤后应激症状与吸烟之间的关系已有充分记录，但人们却知之甚少。本研究旨在通过减少吸烟结果预期的负面影响，直接和间接地评估创伤后应激症状对主观和行为戒烟效果的影响。参与者包括 275 名（68.7% 男性；Mage=43.9，10+ 支/天）寻求治疗的成年吸烟者，他们参加了两次平衡的实验室会议（16 小时剥夺吸烟与随意吸烟），在此期间，他们完成了戒断症状和情绪的自我报告测量，随后进行了戒烟任务，在该任务中他们可以通过延迟吸烟来赚钱并购买香烟来吸烟。结果支持了一种中介途径，即较高的创伤后应激基线症状预示着对吸烟将有效减少负面影响的预期的更大支持，这反过来又预示着戒烟引起的尼古丁戒断症状和负面影响的加剧。创伤后应激症状还可以预测独立于负面影响减少预期而购买的香烟数量，但不能预测为了钱而推迟吸烟。研究结果强调，戒烟效应是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）-吸烟合并症的潜在机制，表明信念对于减少吸烟引起的负面情绪的重要中介作用，并揭示了这两种情况的综合治疗方法。
The relation between posttraumatic stress symptoms and smoking is well documented but poorly understood. The present investigation sought to evaluate the impact of posttraumatic stress symptoms on subjective and behavioral tobacco abstinence effects both directly and indirectly through negative affect reduction smoking outcome expectancies. Participants included 275 (68.7% male; Mage=43.9, 10+ cig/day) adult non-treatment seeking smokers, who attended two counterbalanced laboratory sessions (16 h of smoking deprivation vs ad libitum smoking), during which they completed self-report measures of withdrawal symptoms and mood followed by a smoking lapse task in which they could earn money for delaying smoking and purchase cigarettes to smoke. Results supported a mediational pathway whereby higher baseline symptoms of posttraumatic stress predicted greater endorsement of expectancies that smoking will effectively reduce negative affect, which in turn predicted greater abstinence-provoked exacerbations in nicotine withdrawal symptoms and negative affect. Posttraumatic stress symptoms also predicted number of cigarettes purchased independent of negative affect reduction expectancies, but did not predict delaying smoking for money. Findings highlight tobacco abstinence effects as a putative mechanism underlying posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-smoking comorbidity, indicate an important mediating role of beliefs for smoking-induced negative affect reduction, and shed light on integrated treatment approaches for these two conditions.
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