Characteristic of Size-Classified Airborne Particulates in Kobe, Japan
Characteristic of Size-Classified Airborne Particulates in Kobe, Japan
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日本神户按尺寸分类的空气悬浮颗粒物特征
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hiroyasu Yamazaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takako Yamaguchi;Chie Yamasaki;Hiroyasu Yamazaki
收集空气中的颗粒样品，并使用大容量级联冲击器将其分成五种尺寸（直径 7.0 μm）。空气颗粒物粒径分布呈双峰分布，有粗颗粒物（> 7.0 μm）和细颗粒物（< 1.1 μm）两个峰值，分别约占29%和42%。可吸入颗粒物约占总量的50%。这些提取物的质量百分比也与空气中颗粒物的浓度相似。在空气颗粒物中检测到八种真正的多环芳烃（PAH；荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、苯并[e]芘、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、苯并[ghi]芘）。 PAH 的浓度取决于尺寸，顺序如下：大于 7.0 < 3.3-7.0 < 2.0-3.3 < 1.1-2.0 < 小于 1.1 μm 的空气颗粒物。几乎所有检测到的 PAH 都存在于小于 1.1 μm 的细小空气颗粒中。还研究了按尺寸分类的空气颗粒物中的离子种类。细颗粒物中存在NH4+、SO42-、K+，粗颗粒物中存在NO3-、Cl-、Na+。 SO42- 和 NO3- 可能是由化石燃料和空气的燃烧产生的，Na+ 和 Cl- 可能是由海盐产生的。由于 NO3- 是由大气中的 NO2 产生的，因此这些浓度彼此相关。采样点位于高速公路附近，因此结果表明，大多数细颗粒物的主要来源是汽车尾气，尤其是柴油机尾气。
Airborne particulate samples were collected and fractionated into five sizes (diameter of 7.0 μm) with a high volume cascade impactor. The size distribution of airborne particulates was bimodal, having two peaks, coarse (> 7.0 μm) and fine (< 1.1 μm), which accounted for approximately 29% and 42%, respectively. Inhalable particulates accounted for approximately 50% of the total. The mass percentages of these extracts were also similar to airborne particulate concentrations. Eight authentic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; fluoranthene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[e]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k] fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[ghi]pelyrene) were detected in airborne particulates. The concentration of PAHs was dependent on size, with the following order: airborne particulates larger than 7.0 < 3.3-7.0 < 2.0-3.3 < 1.1-2.0 < smaller than 1.1 μm. Almost all of the PAHs detected existed in fine airborne particulates smaller than 1.1 μm. Ionic species in size-classified airborne particulate were also investigated. NH4+, SO42- and K+ existed in the fine particulates, whereas NO3-, Cl- and Na+ existed in the coarse particulates. It is likely that SO42- and NO3- were generated from the combustion of fossil fuel and air, and Na+ and Cl- from sea salt. Since NO3- was generated from atmospheric NO2, these concentrations were related to each other. The sampling site is located near a highway, so the results suggested that the main source of most fine particulates was car exhaust, especially diesel exhaust.
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/139.3.587
发表时间：
1989-03-01
期刊：
AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE
影响因子：
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作者：
DOCKERY, DW;SPEIZER, FE;FERRIS, BG
通讯作者：
FERRIS, BG
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/147.6_pt_1.1336
发表时间：
1993-06-01
期刊：
AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE
影响因子：
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作者：
POPE, CA;KANNER, RE
通讯作者：
KANNER, RE