The branched actin nucleator Arp2/3 promotes nuclear migrations and cell polarity in the C. elegans zygote.
The branched actin nucleator Arp2/3 promotes nuclear migrations and cell polarity in the C. elegans zygote.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.07.008
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发表时间：
2011-09-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Soto MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiong H;Mohler WA;Soto MC
核的调节运动在合子形成、细胞迁移和神经元分化过程中是必不可少的。细胞核沿着微管（MT）移动，并重新定位在细胞皮层的F-肌动蛋白上。核被膜蛋白的两个家族SUN和KASH在核运动期间将核与肌动蛋白和MT细胞骨架连接。然而，肌动蛋白成核剂在核迁移和定位中的作用知之甚少。我们发现，分支肌动蛋白成核剂，Arp 2/3，影响核运动在整个胚胎和幼虫的发展，在C。包括表皮细胞和神经元前体的核迁移。在单细胞胚胎中，受精后雄性原核迁移到雌性原核需要Arp 2/3。Arp 2/3或其激活剂的丢失改变了非肌肉肌球蛋白NMY-2的动力学，并改变了后部PAR蛋白的皮质积累。Arp 2/3突变体中后部微管细胞骨架的建立减少与雄性原核迁移减少相关。已知将细胞核与MT和肌动蛋白细胞骨架连接起来的JNK-84/SUN核膜蛋白调节随后的细胞核迁移。我们在这里也展示了雄性原核的位置。这些研究表明Arp 2/3在核迁移中的全球作用。在C.线虫单细胞胚胎Arp 2/3促进前/后极性的建立，并促进MT的生长，从而推动雄性原核的前迁移。与以往的研究相比，强调男性原核的拉力，我们建议，强大的MT成核推动男性原核向前加入女性原核。
Regulated movements of the nucleus are essential during zygote formation, cell migrations, and differentiation of neurons. The nucleus moves along microtubules (MTs) and is repositioned on F-actin at the cellular cortex. Two families of nuclear envelope proteins, SUN and KASH, link the nucleus to the actin and MT cytoskeletons during nuclear movements. However, the role of actin nucleators in nuclear migration and positioning is poorly understood. We show that the branched actin nucleator, Arp2/3, affects nuclear movements throughout embryonic and larval development in C. elegans, including nuclear migrations in epidermal cells and neuronal precursors. In one-cell embryos the migration of the male pronucleus to meet the female pronucleus after fertilization requires Arp2/3. Loss of Arp2/3 or its activators changes the dynamics of non-muscle myosin, NMY-2, and alters the cortical accumulation of posterior PAR proteins. Reduced establishment of the posterior microtubule cytoskeleton in Arp2/3 mutants correlates with reduced male pronuclear migration. The UNC-84/SUN nuclear envelope protein that links the nucleus to the MT and actin cytoskeleton is known to regulate later nuclear migrations. We show here it also positions the male pronucleus. These studies demonstrate a global role for Arp2/3 in nuclear migrations. In the C. elegans one-cell embryo Arp2/3 promotes the establishment of anterior/posterior polarity and promotes MT growth that propels the anterior migration of the male pronucleus. In contrast with previous studies emphasizing pulling forces on the male pronucleus, we propose that robust MT nucleation pushes the male pronucleus anteriorly to join the female pronucleus.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.201004118
发表时间：
2010-10-04
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fridolfsson HN;Starr DA
通讯作者：
Starr DA
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Cowan, CR;Hyman, AA
通讯作者：
Hyman, AA
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Daga, Rafael R.;Yonetani, Ann;Chang, Fred
通讯作者：
Chang, Fred
影响因子：
4
作者：
Huisman, SM;Segal, M
通讯作者：
Segal, M
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Anderson, Dorian C.;Gill, Jason S.;Nance, Jeremy
通讯作者：
Nance, Jeremy