The habenula: from stress evasion to value-based decision-making.

The habenula: from stress evasion to value-based decision-making.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrn2866
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发表时间:
2010-07
影响因子:
34.7
通讯作者:
Hikosaka, Okihide
Hikosaka, Okihide
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hikosaka, Okihide

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在一个存在隐藏奖励和危险的世界中生存需要选择恰当的行为。近期的发现表明,缰核通过其对神经调节系统(尤其是多巴胺和血清素系统)的影响,在这种行为选择中起着重要作用。通过抑制释放多巴胺的神经元,当动物未能获得奖励或预期到不良结果时,缰核的激活会导致运动行为受到抑制。此外,缰核参与对疼痛、压力、焦虑、睡眠和奖励的行为反应,其功能失调与抑郁症、精神分裂症和药物诱发的精神病有关。作为大脑中一个高度保守的结构,缰核为生存和决策提供了一种基本机制。
Surviving in a world with hidden rewards and dangers requires choosing the appropriate behaviours. Recent discoveries indicate that the habenula plays a prominent part in such behavioural choice through its effects on neuromodulator systems, in particular the dopamine and serotonin systems. By inhibiting dopamine-releasing neurons, habenula activation leads to the suppression of motor behaviour when an animal fails to obtain a reward or anticipates an aversive outcome. Moreover, the habenula is involved in behavioural responses to pain, stress, anxiety, sleep and reward, and its dysfunction is associated with depression, schizophrenia and drug-induced psychosis. As a highly conserved structure in the brain, the habenula provides a fundamental mechanism for both survival and decision-making.
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