Type 1 invariant natural killer T cells in chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis.

Type 1 invariant natural killer T cells in chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis.
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慢性炎症和组织纤维化中的1型不变自然杀伤T细胞。

DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260503
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Byrne, Adam J.
Byrne, Adam J.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kumar, Vipin;Hertz, Marc;Agro, Albert;Byrne, Adam J.

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慢性组织炎症常导致纤维化,其特征是细胞外基质成分的积聚,重塑正常组织结构和功能。近期研究表明,尽管组织特异性成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞以及在不同组织中介导纤维化的独特免疫细胞群之间的相互作用很复杂,但存在共同的免疫机制。识别与CD1d分子结合的脂质抗原的自然杀伤T(NKT)细胞已被证明在慢性炎症和纤维化中起重要作用。在此,我们回顾了实验模型和人体中的近期数据,这些数据表明1型恒定自然杀伤T(iNKT)细胞的激活在炎症级联反应的进展中起关键作用,炎症级联反应导致中性粒细胞的募集以及炎性小体、巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞的激活,并最终导致纤维化。新出现的证据表明,iNKT相关机制有助于介导组织纤维化的1型、2型和3型免疫途径,包括特发性肺纤维化(IPF)。因此,针对这些免疫机制上游的途径,例如抑制iNKT激活,可能对调节各种纤维化病症很重要。
Chronic tissue inflammation often results in fibrosis characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix components remodeling normal tissue architecture and function. Recent studies have suggested common immune mechanisms despite the complexity of the interactions between tissue-specific fibroblasts, macrophages, and distinct immune cell populations that mediate fibrosis in various tissues. Natural killer T (NKT) cells recognizing lipid antigens bound to CD1d molecules have been shown to play an important role in chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Here we review recent data in both experimental models and in humans that suggest a key role of type 1 invariant NKT (iNKT) cell activation in the progression of inflammatory cascades leading to recruitment of neutrophils and activation of the inflammasome, macrophages, fibroblasts, and, ultimately, fibrosis. Emerging evidence suggests that iNKT-associated mechanisms contribute to type 1, type 2 and type 3 immune pathways mediating tissue fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Thus, targeting a pathway upstream of these immune mechanisms, such as the inhibition of iNKT activation, may be important in modulating various fibrotic conditions.
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