Reasoning about the referent of a picture versus reasoning about the picture as the referent: An effect of visual realism
Reasoning about the referent of a picture versus reasoning about the picture as the referent: An effect of visual realism
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对图片所指对象的推理与将图片作为所指对象的推理：视觉现实主义的效果
DOI：
10.3758/bf03200924
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Daniel L. Schwartz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daniel L. Schwartz
关于图像感知和基于图像的问题解决的研究通常考虑的是使人们能够“看到”和思考图像主题的信息。然而，人们常常把一幅画或一幅画当作指称物本身来推理。这里要讨论的问题是，图像特征本身是否有助于决定一个人何时考虑图像的指涉物，比如一部引人入胜的电影，以及何时考虑图像本身的权利，比如抽象艺术。两个实验验证了这样一个假设，即对其所指物保真度相对较高的图片会使人们想到这些所指物，而保真度相对较低的图片会使人们想到该图片是一个所指物。受试者要确定，如果铰链关闭，打开的铰链底部和顶部板上的标记是否会重合。准确性和延迟结果表明，看到真实显示的受试者通过模拟图像模拟铰链的物理行为。相比之下，看到示意图的受试者倾向于推断显示的静态特征，如线的长度和角度。结果表明，研究人员在从对图解材料的推理推广到对指称物本身的推理时必须谨慎。
Research on picture perception and picture-based problem solving has generally considered the information that enables one to “see” and think about a picture’s subject matter. However, people often reason about a picture or representation as the referent itself. The question addressed here is whether pictorial features themselves help determine when one reasons about the referent of an image, as with an engrossing movie, and when one reasons about the image in its own right, as with abstract art. Two experiments tested the hypothesis that pictures with relatively high fidelity to their referents lead people to think about those referents, whereas pictures with relatively low fidelity lead people to think about the picture as a referent. Subjects determined whether marks on the bottom and top boards of an open hinge would meet if the hinge were closed. Accuracy and latency results indicated that subjects who saw realistic displays simulated the physical behavior of the hinge through analog imagery. In contrast, subjects who saw schematic displays tended to reason about static features of the display such as line lengths and angles. The results demonstrate that researchers must be cautious when generalizing from reasoning about diagrammatic materials to reasoning about the referents themselves.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.16.1.149
发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
LORCH, RF;MYERS, JL
通讯作者：
MYERS, JL
将静力学表示为平衡力。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.117.4.395
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. General
影响因子：
--
作者：
Freyd,JJ;Pantzer,TM;Cheng,JL
通讯作者：
Cheng,JL
在存在和不存在运动的情况下对自然和异常轨迹的判断。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.11.1-4.795
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kaiser,MK;Proffitt,DR;Anderson,K
通讯作者：
Anderson,K