Mechanisms of Memory Retrieval in Slow-Wave Sleep.
Mechanisms of Memory Retrieval in Slow-Wave Sleep.
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/zsx114
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Gaskell MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cairney SA;Sobczak JM;Lindsay S;Gaskell MG
记忆力在睡眠中得到加强。睡眠对记忆的好处可以通过将睡眠中的大脑重新暴露于听觉线索来增强;这种技术被称为目标记忆再激活（TMR）。先前的研究没有评估支持TMR的提取机制的性质：睡眠期间遇到的听觉刺激和先前编码的记忆之间的匹配过程。我们做了两个实验来解决这个问题。在实验1中，参与者关联的话与言语和非言语的听觉刺激前一夜的间隔，这些刺激的子集在慢波睡眠中重放。我们在实验2中重复了这个范例，唯一的区别是语言听觉刺激的性别在学习和睡眠之间切换。在实验1中，线索（与非线索）协会的遗忘减少了TMR与语言和非语言线索的相似程度。在实验2中，TMR与相同的非语言线索减少遗忘的线索（与noncue）协会，复制实验1。然而，TMR与不相同的语言线索减少了遗忘的线索和非线索协会。这些实验表明，TMR的记忆效果受到训练和睡眠时提供的刺激之间的声学重叠的影响。我们的发现暗示了睡眠期间记忆提取的两种处理途径的存在。然而，具有听觉上相同的线索的TMR可以通过简单的情景匹配来重新激活个体关联，具有不相同的言语线索的TMR可以利用语言解码机制，从而在广泛的记忆类别中广泛地重新激活。
Memories are strengthened during sleep. The benefits of sleep for memory can be enhanced by re-exposing the sleeping brain to auditory cues; a technique known as targeted memory reactivation (TMR). Prior studies have not assessed the nature of the retrieval mechanisms underpinning TMR: the matching process between auditory stimuli encountered during sleep and previously encoded memories. We carried out two experiments to address this issue. In Experiment 1, participants associated words with verbal and nonverbal auditory stimuli before an overnight interval in which subsets of these stimuli were replayed in slow-wave sleep. We repeated this paradigm in Experiment 2 with the single difference that the gender of the verbal auditory stimuli was switched between learning and sleep. In Experiment 1, forgetting of cued (vs. noncued) associations was reduced by TMR with verbal and nonverbal cues to similar extents. In Experiment 2, TMR with identical nonverbal cues reduced forgetting of cued (vs. noncued) associations, replicating Experiment 1. However, TMR with nonidentical verbal cues reduced forgetting of both cued and noncued associations. These experiments suggest that the memory effects of TMR are influenced by the acoustic overlap between stimuli delivered at training and sleep. Our findings hint at the existence of two processing routes for memory retrieval during sleep. Whereas TMR with acoustically identical cues may reactivate individual associations via simple episodic matching, TMR with nonidentical verbal cues may utilize linguistic decoding mechanisms, resulting in widespread reactivation across a broad category of memories.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0111
发表时间：
2009-12-27
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Davis MH;Gaskell MG
通讯作者：
Gaskell MG
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Cousins JN;El-Deredy W;Parkes LM;Hennies N;Lewis PA
通讯作者：
Lewis PA
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Cairney, Scott A.;Durrant, Simon J.;Lewis, Penelope A.
通讯作者：
Lewis, Penelope A.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Fuentemilla, Lluis;Miro, Julia;Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni
通讯作者：
Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Durrant, Simon J.;Cairney, Scott A.;Lewis, Penelope A.
通讯作者：
Lewis, Penelope A.