The effects of amphetamine exposure on outcome-selective Pavlovian-instrumental transfer in rats.
The effects of amphetamine exposure on outcome-selective Pavlovian-instrumental transfer in rats.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-012-2724-y
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Shiflett, Michael W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shiflett, Michael W.
重复暴露于精神兴奋剂改变行为反应奖励相关的线索，然而，这种影响的动机基础还没有得到充分的表征。以下研究旨在研究安非他明敏化如何影响大鼠在一系列巴甫洛夫和操作性任务中的表现，这些任务区分一般激励和结果选择形式的条件反应。成年雄性大鼠进行巴甫洛夫和工具训练的食物颗粒奖励。训练后，大鼠对d-苯丙胺（2 mg/kg，持续7天）致敏。大鼠随后进行了测试的结果选择性巴甫洛夫工具转移（PIT）任务，结果恢复任务，和结果贬值任务。此外，在一个单独的实验中，使用巴甫洛夫向后条件刺激在安非他明致敏大鼠和对照大鼠中评估PIT。反复暴露安非他明敏感的自发活动，急性安非他明的挑战。安非他明改变反应CS介绍增加条件的做法。在PIT安非他明治疗的大鼠的测试显示没有结果的选择性，在他们的反应，响应CS是否共享一个共同的结果与工具的反应。苯丙胺致敏没有效果，观察到的结果选择性恢复的结果交付，或基于结果值的行动选择的测试。安非他明致敏大鼠表现出受损的结果选择性PIT向后CS，但在条件的方法不变。安非他明敏化阻止PIT过程中的结果选择性反应，这与安非他明对条件接近的影响无关。这些数据表明，刺激如何激发成瘾行为的根本性改变。
Repeated exposure to psychostimulants alters behavioral responses to reward-related cues; however, the motivational underpinnings of this effect have not been fully characterized. The following study was designed to examine how amphetamine sensitization affects performance in rats on a series of Pavlovian and operant tasks that distinguish between general-incentive and outcome-selective forms of conditioned responses. Adult male rats underwent Pavlovian and instrumental training for food pellet rewards. Following training, rats were sensitized to d-amphetamine (2 mg/kg for 7 days). Rats were subsequently tested on an outcome-selective Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) task, an outcome-reinstatement task, and an outcome devaluation task. Additionally, in a separate experiment PIT was assessed in amphetamine-sensitized and control rats using a Pavlovian backward-conditioned stimulus. Repeated amphetamine exposure sensitized locomotor activity to acute amphetamine challenge. Amphetamine altered responses to CS presentations by increasing conditioned approach. During tests of PIT amphetamine-treated rats showed no outcome-selectivity in their responding, responding to a CS whether or not it shared a common outcome with the instrumental response. No effect of amphetamine sensitization was observed on tests of outcome-selective reinstatement by outcome delivery, or action selection based on outcome value. Amphetamine-sensitized rats showed impaired outcome-selective PIT to a backward CS but were unaltered in conditioned approach. Amphetamine sensitization prevents outcome-selective responding during PIT, which is dissociable from amphetamine’s effects on conditioned approach. These data suggest fundamental alterations in how stimuli motivate action in addiction.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1390.006
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
REWARD AND DECISION MAKING IN CORTICOBASAL GANGLIA NETWORKS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Balleine, Bernard W.;Ostlund, Sean B.
通讯作者：
Ostlund, Sean B.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Mendrek, A;Blaha, CD;Phillips, AG
通讯作者：
Phillips, AG
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Nordquist, R. E.;Voorn, P.;Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J.
通讯作者：
Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J.
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.34.2.202
发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Delamater, Andrew R.;Holland, Peter C.
通讯作者：
Holland, Peter C.
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
KRUSE, JM;OVERMIER, JB;ROKKE, E
通讯作者：
ROKKE, E