The evolution of the bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) as a real-time bioreporter.
The evolution of the bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) as a real-time bioreporter.
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DOI：
10.3390/s120100732
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sayler G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Close D;Xu T;Smartt A;Rogers A;Crossley R;Price S;Ripp S;Sayler G
细菌荧光素酶基因盒（lux）在生物发光生物报告系统中是独一无二的，因为它能够合成和/或清除其产生光所需的所有底物化合物。因此，lux系统具有独特的能力，可以在广泛的生物体宿主中连续或响应特定触发器的存在，自主产生发光信号。虽然lux最初被广泛用作细菌生物报告系统，用于检测环境样品中的特定化学信号，但在过去的30年里，lux作为生物报告技术的使用不断扩大，包括在真核细胞（如酿酒酵母）甚至人类细胞系中的表达。在这些条件下，勒克斯系统已经发展成为一种生物医学检测工具，用于小动物模型中肿瘤的毒性筛选和可视化。随着lux信号检测技术的不断提高，它有望通过直接与可植入的光子检测数字芯片结合，成为第一个完全可植入的生物内部光学检测系统之一。本文介绍了使lux系统能够持续自身发光的基本生化背景，并强调了基于lux的生物报告基因从原核细菌的化学检测平台发展到基于啮齿动物的肿瘤发生研究目标的重要里程碑。此外，将介绍利用集成电路微光度法直接在活体体内实时成像的勒克斯成像的未来，并强调其在剂量/反应治疗系统发展中的作用。
The bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) is unique among bioluminescent bioreporter systems due to its ability to synthesize and/or scavenge all of the substrate compounds required for its production of light. As a result, the lux system has the unique ability to autonomously produce a luminescent signal, either continuously or in response to the presence of a specific trigger, across a wide array of organismal hosts. While originally employed extensively as a bacterial bioreporter system for the detection of specific chemical signals in environmental samples, the use of lux as a bioreporter technology has continuously expanded over the last 30 years to include expression in eukaryotic cells such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and even human cell lines as well. Under these conditions, the lux system has been developed for use as a biomedical detection tool for toxicity screening and visualization of tumors in small animal models. As the technologies for lux signal detection continue to improve, it is poised to become one of the first fully implantable detection systems for intra-organismal optical detection through direct marriage to an implantable photon-detecting digital chip. This review presents the basic biochemical background that allows the lux system to continuously autobioluminesce and highlights the important milestones in the use of lux-based bioreporters as they have evolved from chemical detection platforms in prokaryotic bacteria to rodent-based tumorigenesis study targets. In addition, the future of lux imaging using integrated circuit microluminometry to image directly within a living host in real-time will be introduced and its role in the development of dose/response therapeutic systems will be highlighted.
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