Eating habits and appetite control: a psychobiological perspective
Eating habits and appetite control: a psychobiological perspective
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饮食习惯和食欲控制：心理生物学的角度
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
P. Rogers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Rogers
一个人的饮食行为受到多种因素的影响，从经济条件、文化习俗到生物影响。控制食欲的生理系统似乎适应了解决食物供应不均衡的问题，并且对饮食不足和暴饮暴食的反应相当宽容。因此，当食物充足、饮食能量密集、能量消耗低时，肥胖的倾向很强（即肥胖最好被认为是由于“有毒”的环境，而不是由于对食欲的生理控制有缺陷）。在这种情况下，避免肥胖最常见的方法是通过认知控制饮食。然而，饮食限制和节食是一项艰巨的任务，并且与心理成本相关，包括认知能力的显著损害。克制也容易导致去抑制，结果有时会破坏饮食控制，甚至导致饮食模式高度紊乱。在某种程度上，这些困难是由于饮食习惯的自我延续性质：例如，在严格的不间断节食期间，饥饿感往往会减少，但在饮食模式高度可变的个体中（例如经常进食时），饥饿感会增加。食欲控制的这些特征为改变行为提供了障碍和机会。因此，未来的研究需要关注预测成功饮食和体重控制的心理社会因素和节食实践，以确定许多节食者和克制者能够实现体重减轻并保持长期体重稳定的实际认知和行为策略。
An individual's eating behaviour is shaped by factors ranging from economic conditions and cultural practices to biological influences. The physiological system controlling appetite appears to be adapted to solving the problem of an unevenness of food supply across time, and is fairly permissive in its response to undereating and overeating. Consequently, when food is abundant, the diet is energy dense and energy expenditure is low, there is a strong tendency to become obese (i.e. obesity is better viewed as due to a ‘toxic’ environment than to faulty physiological control of appetite). Under such conditions the most common method of avoiding obesity is through the cognitive control of eating. However, dietary restraint and dieting are demanding tasks, and are associated with psychological costs, including significant impairment of cognitive performance. Restraint is also prone to disinhibition, with the result that it can sometimes undermine eating control, even leading to the development of highly disordered eating patterns. In part, these difficulties are due to the self-perpetuating nature of dietary habits: for example, hunger tends to be diminished during strict unbroken dieting, but increased in individuals having a highly variable eating pattern (such as occurs when eating is frequently disinhibited). These features of appetite control provide both barriers and opportunities for changing behaviour. Accordingly, there is a need for future research to focus on the psycho-social factors and the dieting practices predicting successful eating and weight control, with the objective of identifying the actual cognitive and behavioural strategies used by the many dieters and restrained eaters who are able to achieve weight loss and maintain long-term weight stability.
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
STUNKARD, AJ;MESSICK, S
通讯作者：
MESSICK, S
胃假喂养真的是假喂养吗？
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1985.248.3.r387
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sclafani,A;Nissenbaum,JW
通讯作者：
Nissenbaum,JW