Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)-1, SUMO-2/3 and SUMOylation are involved with centromeric heterochromatin of chromosomes 9 and 1 and proteins of the synaptonemal complex during meiosis in men.
Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)-1, SUMO-2/3 and SUMOylation are involved with centromeric heterochromatin of chromosomes 9 and 1 and proteins of the synaptonemal complex during meiosis in men.
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DOI：
10.1093/humrep/den300
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Morris PL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown PW;Hwang K;Schlegel PN;Morris PL
SUMO 化的转录后修饰涉及许多细胞过程，包括人类精子发生。对于人类男性减数分裂，我们之前表明，小泛素相关修饰物 1 (SUMO-1) 蛋白定位于早期粗线期精母细胞的染色质轴，然后随着减数分裂的进展定位于动粒。在这里，我们根据 SUMO-1 和 SUMO-2/3 的亚细胞定位描述了可能的功能作用。对从两名正常成年生育男性的睾丸中分离的蛋白质进行了蛋白质印迹和免疫沉淀分析。对四名接受睾丸精子提取用于辅助生殖技术的患者进行睾丸活检时获得的雄性性母细胞进行组合免疫荧光和染色体特异性荧光原位杂交分析。联会复合体 (SC) 和 SC 蛋白 (SCP)-1 和 SCP2，但不包括 SCP3，在粗线期亚阶段被 SUMO-1 进行 SUMO 化。同样，SUMO-1 的两种不同定位模式也被确定：与常染色体 SC 共定位的线性模式以及靠近 9 号和 1 号染色体着丝粒异染色质附近的分离 SUMO-1。与在正常组织中粗线期之前无法检测到的 SUMO-1 不同，SUMO-2/3 早在细线期和合子期就被识别出来，并且在某些（但不是全部）中， 粗线期细胞；没有检测到线性图案。与 SUMO-1 类似，SUMO-2/3 定位于两种主要的亚核模式：人类 9 号染色体着丝粒附近的单个密集信号和与常染色体着丝粒共定位的小型个体病灶。我们的数据表明 SUMO-1 可能参与常染色体 SC 的维护和/或保护。 SUMO-2/3 尽管表达相似，但在男性粗线期可能单独且独立地发挥作用。
Post-transcriptional modification by SUMOylation is involved in numerous cellular processes including human spermatogenesis. For human male meiosis, we previously showed that the small ubiquitin-related modifier-1 (SUMO-1) protein localizes to chromatin axes in early pachytene spermatocytes, then to kinetochores as meiosis progresses. Here, we delineate possible functional roles based on subcellular localization for SUMO-1 and SUMO-2/3. Western and immunoprecipitation analyses were conducted on proteins isolated from the testis of two normal adult fertile men. Combinatorial immunofluorescence and chromosome-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses were performed on male meiocytes obtained during testicular biopsy from four patients undergoing testicular sperm extraction for assisted reproduction technologies. The synaptonemal complex (SC) and SC proteins (SCP)-1 and SCP2, but not SCP3, are SUMOylated by SUMO-1 during the pachytene substage. Likewise, two distinct localization patterns for SUMO-1 are identified: a linear pattern co-localized with autosomal SCs and isolated SUMO-1 near the centromeric heterochromatin of chromosomes 9 and 1. In contrast to SUMO-1, which is not detectable prior to pachytene in normal tissue, SUMO-2/3 is identified as early as leptotene and zygotene and in some, but not all, pachytene cells; no linear patterns were detected. Similar to SUMO-1, SUMO-2/3 localizes in two predominant subnuclear patterns: a single, dense signal near the centromere of human chromosome 9 and small, individual foci co-localized with autosomal centromeres. Our data suggest that SUMO-1 may be involved in maintenance and/or protection of the autosomal SC. SUMO-2/3, though expressed similarly, may function separately and independently during pachytene in men.
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