The computational psychiatry of reward: broken brains or misguided minds?
The computational psychiatry of reward: broken brains or misguided minds?
复制标题
奖励的计算精神病学：大脑破碎还是思想被误导？
作者：
M. Moutoussis;Giles W. Story;Giles W. Story;R. Dolan;R. Dolan
对情绪和动机障碍的生物学基础的研究有可能践踏以病人为中心的精神病学，并陷入过去的二元论错误，即，将心智和大脑视为不同的概念。我们认为，由计算神经科学提供信息的精神病学，计算精神病学，可以消除这种危险。通过关注人类试图最大化奖励（并最小化惩罚）的推理过程，以及这种推理如何在神经上表达，计算精神病学可以使疾病的生物学和社会心理学概念之间的极性过时。在这里，“心理”一词是指由生物因子执行的信息处理，从潜在目标的角度来看。我们反思这种观点对精神障碍定义的影响，包括断言某种特定疾病是“生物学”或“心理学”起源所涉及的内容。我们建议，一个计算的方法有助于理解地形的精神障碍，同时警告说，偏心推理构成障碍的点往往仍然是一个问题的文化判断。
Research into the biological basis of emotional and motivational disorders is in danger of riding roughshod over a patient-centered psychiatry and falling into the dualist errors of the past, i.e., by treating mind and brain as conceptually distinct. We argue that a psychiatry informed by computational neuroscience, computational psychiatry, can obviate this danger. Through a focus on the reasoning processes by which humans attempt to maximize reward (and minimize punishment), and how such reasoning is expressed neurally, computational psychiatry can render obsolete the polarity between biological and psychosocial conceptions of illness. Here, the term ‘psychological’ comes to refer to information processing performed by biological agents, seen in light of underlying goals. We reflect on the implications of this perspective for a definition of mental disorder, including what is entailed in asserting that a particular disorder is ‘biological’ or ‘psychological’ in origin. We propose that a computational approach assists in understanding the topography of mental disorder, while cautioning that the point at which eccentric reasoning constitutes disorder often remains a matter of cultural judgment.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
COHEN, JD;SERVANSCHREIBER, D
通讯作者：
SERVANSCHREIBER, D
影响因子：
34.7
作者：
Casey, B. J.;Craddock, Nick;Cuthbert, Bruce N.;Hyman, Steven E.;Lee, Francis S.;Ressler, Kerry J.
通讯作者：
Ressler, Kerry J.
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999-08
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Hayes;K. Strosahl;K. Wilson
通讯作者：
S. Hayes;K. Strosahl;K. Wilson