RNA Guide Complementarity Prevents Self-Targeting in Type VI CRISPR Systems.
RNA Guide Complementarity Prevents Self-Targeting in Type VI CRISPR Systems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2018.07.013
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发表时间:
2018-09-06
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Marraffini LA
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Meeske AJ;Marraffini LA
All immune systems use precise target recognition to interrogate foreign invaders. During CRISPR-Cas immunity, prokaryotes capture short spacer sequences from infecting viruses and insert them into the CRISPR array. Transcription and processing of the CRISPR locus generates small RNAs containing the spacer and repeat sequences, which guide Cas nucleases to cleave a complementary protospacer in the invading nucleic acids. In most CRISPR systems, sequences flanking the protospacer drastically affect cleavage. Here we investigated the target requirements of the recently discovered RNA-targeting type VI-A CRISPR-Cas system in its natural host, Listeria seeligeri. We discovered that target RNAs with extended complementarity between the protospacer flanking sequence and the repeat sequence of the guide RNA are not cleaved by the type VI-A nuclease Cas13, neither in vivo nor in vitro. These findings establish fundamental rules for the design of Cas13-based technologies and provide a mechanism for preventing self-targeting in type VI-A systems. Type VI CRISPR systems employ the RNA-guided Cas13 nuclease to sense and cleave infecting RNA targets. Meeske et al. show that prevention of autoimmunity is mediated by sensing of extended complementarity between the Cas13 RNA guide and target RNAs that may originate from the CRISPR locus.
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