Skin Microbiomes of California Terrestrial Salamanders Are Influenced by Habitat More Than Host Phylogeny.
Skin Microbiomes of California Terrestrial Salamanders Are Influenced by Habitat More Than Host Phylogeny.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00442
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zink AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bird AK;Prado-Irwin SR;Vredenburg VT;Zink AG
许多微生物生活在植物和动物宿主身上或体内，但在许多分类群中，这些微生物群落的生态学和进化仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨了环境因素和寄主分类特性在多大程度上解释了多齿螈科（Plethodontidae）中两个蝾螈属（Ensatina和Batrachoseps）微生物组的变化。特别是，我们评估了微生物组分化是否在三个分类水平上平行于宿主遗传距离：属和高、低枝水平。我们预测，更多的遗传相关的宿主种群将有更多相似的微生物组比更多的远亲宿主种群。我们发现，蝾螈的微生物群中有可能从周围的土壤环境中获得的细菌物种，但这些细菌物种在蝾螈皮肤上的相对代表性与土壤相比有显著差异。我们发现皮肤微生物组α多样性在Ensatina高级和低级分支组之间存在差异，以及Ensatina和Batrachoseps之间存在差异。我们还发现，相对微生物组组成（β多样性）在Ensatina下层进化枝之间确实存在差异，但差异仅由少数进化枝驱动，与进化枝遗传距离无关。我们得出结论，这种差异可能是由于Ensatina低级分支与地理位置和栖息地类型有关，因为较高分类水平（属和Ensatina高级分支）的蝾螈身份是微生物组组成的弱预测因子。这些结果使我们得出结论，环境因素可能在蝾螈皮肤微生物组组合中发挥比宿主特异性特征更重要的作用。
A multitude of microorganisms live on and within plant and animal hosts, yet the ecology and evolution of these microbial communities remains poorly understood in many taxa. This study examined the extent to which environmental factors and host taxonomic identity explain microbiome variation within two salamander genera, Ensatina and Batrachoseps, in the family Plethodontidae. In particular, we assessed whether microbiome differentiation paralleled host genetic distance at three levels of taxonomy: genus and high and low clade levels within Ensatina eschscholtzii. We predicted that more genetically related host populations would have more similar microbiomes than more distantly related host populations. We found that salamander microbiomes possess bacterial species that are most likely acquired from their surrounding soil environment, but the relative representation of those bacterial species is significantly different on the skin of salamanders compared to soil. We found differences in skin microbiome alpha diversity among Ensatina higher and lower clade groups, as well as differences between Ensatina and Batrachoseps. We also found that relative microbiome composition (beta diversity) did vary between Ensatina lower clades, but differences were driven by only a few clades and not correlated to clade genetic distances. We conclude this difference was likely a result of Ensatina lower clades being associated with geographic location and habitat type, as salamander identity at higher taxonomic levels (genus and Ensatina higher clades) was a weak predictor of microbiome composition. These results lead us to conclude that environmental factors are likely playing a more significant role in salamander cutaneous microbiome assemblages than host-specific traits.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hughey MC;Pena JA;Reyes R;Medina D;Belden LK;Burrowes PA
通讯作者：
Burrowes PA
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1000080107
发表时间：
2011-03-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Caporaso, J. Gregory;Lauber, Christian L.;Knight, Rob
通讯作者：
Knight, Rob
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M.;Allison, Amanda L.
通讯作者：
Allison, Amanda L.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Flechas SV;Sarmiento C;Cárdenas ME;Medina EM;Restrepo S;Amézquita A
通讯作者：
Amézquita A