Nutrition and gut immunity.
Nutrition and gut immunity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.suc.2011.04.007
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Kudsk, Kenneth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fukatsu, Kazuhiko;Kudsk, Kenneth A.
关键词：
人体肠道中含有大量的非病原菌，它们生存在一个对宿主和细菌种群都有利的环境中。在正常、健康的个体中，充足的营养摄入和正常的环境为细菌提供了一个不具威胁性的环境，这些细菌生活在非常接近肠粘膜的共生关系中。许多屏障有效地阻止了细菌进入体循环。这些屏障包括杯状细胞分泌产生的粘液，以及杀菌和抗病毒药物的存在，如a-防御素、隐蛋白、溶菌酶和分泌型磷脂酶A2(SPLA2)。这些与产生分泌性IgA(SIgA)的适应性免疫系统一起工作，SIgA提供对腔内细菌的特定免疫防御。虽然这种共生关系在轻微的应激期间可能会发生轻微的变化，但当口腔摄入的短暂停顿发生时，粘膜/微生物界面的微小变化，危重疾病及其伴随的酸中毒、长期的胃肠道饥饿、外源抗生素和粘膜防御系统的崩溃使宿主容易受到细菌的攻击，也威胁到细菌的生存。在这种情况下，细菌在试图生存的同时，面临着宿主防御的减弱，使它们对宿主怀有敌意。这篇综述考察了由于口服或肠道摄入和/或损伤的改变而引起的先天性和获得性免疫宿主防御的改变。
The human intestine contains huge amounts of non pathologic bacteria surviving in an environment which is beneficial to both the host and the bacterial populations. In the normal, healthy individual, adequate nutrient intake and a normal environment provide a non-threatening environment for the bacteria which live in a symbiotic relationship in very close proximity to the intestinal mucosa. A number of barriers effectively keep the bacteria from entry into the systemic circulation. These barriers include mucus produced as a result of goblet cell secretion, as well as the presence of microbicidal and antiviral agents such as a-defensins, cryptodins, lysozymes, and secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). These work together with the adaptive immune system that produces secretory IgA (sIgA), which provides a specific immune defense against the intraluminal bacteria. Although minor alterations in this symbiotic relationship may occur during minor stress, when short pauses in oral intake occur with minimal alterations in the mucosa/microbial interface, critical illness, with its attendant acidosis, prolonged GI tract starvation, exogenous antibiotics, and breakdown in mucosal defenses render the host vulnerable to bacterial challenge and also threaten the survival of the bacteria. Under these conditions, the bacteria face weakened host defenses while attempting to survive, rendering them hostile to the host. This review examines the altered innate and adaptive immunologic host defenses which occur as a result of altered oral or enteral intake and/or injury.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Campbell, JJ;Hedrick, J;Butcher, EC
通讯作者：
Butcher, EC
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Fukatsu, K;Kudsk, KA;Johnson, CD
通讯作者：
Johnson, CD
影响因子：
9
作者：
Johnson, CD;Kudsk, KA;Zarzaur, BL
通讯作者：
Zarzaur, BL
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Fukatsu, K;Moriya, T;Hiraide, H
通讯作者：
Hiraide, H
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.84.8.2449
发表时间：
1987-04-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
CZERKINSKY, C;PRINCE, SJ;MESTECKY, J
通讯作者：
MESTECKY, J