Managing Rangeland as a Complex System: How Government Interventions Decouple Social Systems from Ecological Systems
Managing Rangeland as a Complex System: How Government Interventions Decouple Social Systems from Ecological Systems
复制标题
将牧场作为一个复杂系统进行管理：政府干预如何将社会系统与生态系统脱钩
DOI：
10.5751/es-04531-170109
复制
发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Li,Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LI, W.;Li,Y.
人们日益认识到自然资源管理的复杂性，并需要多层次的适应性治理。探讨政府干预对当地社区管理实践和目标社会生态系统的影响尤为重要。内蒙古牧场传统上由土著人民利用自己的机构进行管理，这些机构适应了当地高度变化的气候，并且能够保持社会生态系统的弹性长达 1000 多年。然而，近几十年来，外部干预对牧场社会生态系统产生了重大影响。本文以畜牧品种改良为例，在历史文献和案例研究的基础上，追踪了从传统时代到集体时代再到当今市场经济时期的政府干预。利用社会生态系统复原力的概念，我们诊断了干预措施对牧场社会生态系统中牲畜品种管理的影响，并讨论了这些干预措施是如何发生的。我们发现，政府对畜牧养殖的干预逐渐使牧区社会与其支撑的生态系统脱钩。在此过程中，外部力量越来越多地取代当地社区来定义牧场管理的性质。权力不对称和话语导致了这种位移。
The complexity of natural resource management is increasingly recognized and requires adaptive governance at multiple levels. It is particularly significant to explore the impacts of government interventions on the management practices of local communities and on target social-ecological systems. The Inner Mongolian rangeland was traditionally managed by indigenous people using their own institutions that were adapted to the highly variable local climate and were able to maintain the resilience of the social-ecological system for more than 1000 years. However, external interventions have significantly affected the rangeland social-ecological system in recent decades. In this paper, using livestock breed improvement as an example, we track government interventions from the traditional era through the collective period to the present market economy period based on a review of historical documents and case studies. Using the concept of social-ecological system resilience, we diagnose the impacts of interventions on livestock breed management in the rangeland social-ecological system, and discuss how these interventions occur. We found that government interventions in livestock breeding have gradually decoupled the pastoral society from its supporting ecological system. During this process, external powers have increasingly displaced the local community in defining the nature of rangeland management. Power asymmetry and discourse have contributed to this displacement.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0894-1130(00)80048-4
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Madden
通讯作者：
J. Madden
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Martin F. Price
通讯作者：
Martin F. Price
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
I. Scoones
通讯作者：
I. Scoones
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
L. Lebel;J. Anderies;B. Campbell;C. Folke;S. Hatfield-Dodds;T. Hughes;James A. Wilson
通讯作者：
L. Lebel;J. Anderies;B. Campbell;C. Folke;S. Hatfield-Dodds;T. Hughes;James A. Wilson
DOI：
10.4135/9781446200964.n32
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Lam
通讯作者：
W. Lam