Epidemiologic, Clinical and Immunological Consequences of Co-Infections during Canine Leishmaniosis.
Epidemiologic, Clinical and Immunological Consequences of Co-Infections during Canine Leishmaniosis.
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DOI：
10.3390/ani11113206
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发表时间：
2021-11-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Petersen CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beasley EA;Pessôa-Pereira D;Scorza BM;Petersen CA
犬利什曼病（CanL）是由白蛉白蛉传播的婴儿利什曼原虫引起的最严重的内脏化疾病。CanL经常在地中海盆地和南美洲被诊断出来，尽管它也在其他地区被发现，包括美国。这些地区的狗有合并感染的风险，主要是蜱传疾病。我们的综述研究了已发表文献中报道的最常见的8种CanL合并感染的流行病学、临床和免疫学机制。合并感染改变免疫过程和疾病进展，影响CanL诊断，治疗反应和预后。犬利什曼病（CanL）是一种媒介传播的寄生虫病。CanL在地中海盆地和南美洲是地方性的，但也发现于北方非洲、亚洲和美国地区，同时存在有能力的白蛉媒介和L.婴儿寄生虫也是其他传染病的地方病，可能导致狗的合并感染。越来越多的证据表明，合并感染可影响免疫应答，从而影响CanL和共病疾病的临床病程。本综述的目的是总结导致CanL报告的8种原发性合并感染的流行病学、临床和免疫学因素：埃立克体属，无形体属，疏螺旋体属，巴贝虫属，克氏锥虫、刚地弓形虫、犬恶丝虫、巴西副球孢子虫。合并感染导致免疫机制差异，这可能改变CanL犬的诊断、治疗管理和预后。需要更多的研究来进一步探索CanL合并感染期间的免疫调节及其临床影响。
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL), the most severe, visceralizing form of disease caused by Leishmania infantum transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. CanL is frequently diagnosed in the Mediterranean basin and South America, although it is also found in other regions, including the United States (U.S.). Dogs in these regions are at risk for co-infections, prominently tick-borne diseases. Our review examines epidemiologic, clinical, and immunologic mechanisms found during the most common eight CanL co-infections reported in published literature. Co-infections alter immunologic processes and disease progression impacting CanL diagnosis, therapeutic responses, and prognosis. Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a vector-borne, parasitic disease. CanL is endemic in the Mediterranean basin and South America but also found in Northern Africa, Asia, and the U.S. Regions with both competent sand fly vectors and L. infantum parasites are also endemic for additional infectious diseases that could cause co-infections in dogs. Growing evidence indicates that co-infections can impact immunologic responses and thus the clinical course of both CanL and the comorbid disease(s). The aim for this review is to summarize epidemiologic, clinical, and immunologic factors contributing to eight primary co-infections reported with CanL: Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Borrelia spp., Babesia spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, Toxoplasma gondii, Dirofilaria immitis, Paracoccidioides braziliensis. Co-infection causes mechanistic differences in immunity which can alter diagnostics, therapeutic management, and prognosis of dogs with CanL. More research is needed to further explore immunomodulation during CanL co-infection(s) and their clinical impact.
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5.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
Tasker S
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boggiatto, Paola M.;Ramer-Tait, Amanda E.;Petersen, Christine A.
通讯作者：
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