The Role of MDM2 in Promoting Genome Stability versus Instability.

The Role of MDM2 in Promoting Genome Stability versus Instability.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms18102216
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发表时间:
2017-10-23
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Pollok KE
Pollok KE
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saadatzadeh MR;Elmi AN;Pandya PH;Bijangi-Vishehsaraei K;Ding J;Stamatkin CW;Cohen-Gadol AA;Pollok KE

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在癌症中,小鼠双微体 2 (MDM2) 是一种癌蛋白,有助于促进细胞生长、存活、侵袭和治疗抵抗。 MDM2 对细胞存活与细胞死亡的影响是复杂的,并且取决于 MDM2 同工型的水平、p53 状态和细胞环境。广泛的研究表明,MDM2 蛋白-蛋白与 p53 和其他 p53 家族成员(p63 和 p73)的相互作用阻碍了它们作为调节细胞生长和存活的转录因子的能力。当基因毒性损伤时,动态且复杂调节的 DNA 损伤反应电路被激活,导致 MDM2 释放 p53 并激活细胞周期停滞。 DNA 损伤后会发生什么,取决于 DNA 损伤的程度以及细胞是否有足够的 DNA 修复能力。 p53-MDM2 之间众所周知的自动调节环路提供了额外的控制层,因为细胞要么修复 DNA 损伤并存活(即 MDM2 重新与 p53 结合),要么经历细胞死亡(即 MDM2 不重新与 p53 结合)。此外,生存或死亡的决定也受到染色质定位的 MDM2 的影响,MDM2 直接与 Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 复合物相互作用并抑制 DNA 损伤感应,从而可能增加基因组不稳定性和细胞转化。
In cancer, the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) is an oncoprotein that contributes to the promotion of cell growth, survival, invasion, and therapeutic resistance. The impact of MDM2 on cell survival versus cell death is complex and dependent on levels of MDM2 isoforms, p53 status, and cellular context. Extensive investigations have demonstrated that MDM2 protein–protein interactions with p53 and other p53 family members (p63 and p73) block their ability to function as transcription factors that regulate cell growth and survival. Upon genotoxic insults, a dynamic and intricately regulated DNA damage response circuitry is activated leading to release of p53 from MDM2 and activation of cell cycle arrest. What ensues following DNA damage, depends on the extent of DNA damage and if the cell has sufficient DNA repair capacity. The well-known auto-regulatory loop between p53-MDM2 provides an additional layer of control as the cell either repairs DNA damage and survives (i.e., MDM2 re-engages with p53), or undergoes cell death (i.e., MDM2 does not re-engage p53). Furthermore, the decision to live or die is also influenced by chromatin-localized MDM2 which directly interacts with the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex and inhibits DNA damage-sensing giving rise to the potential for increased genome instability and cellular transformation.
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