DNA topoisomerase-targeting chemotherapeutics: what's new?

DNA topoisomerase-targeting chemotherapeutics: what's new?
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DOI:
10.1007/s00280-017-3334-5
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发表时间:
2017-07
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
van Waardenburg, Robert C. A. M.
van Waardenburg, Robert C. A. M.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cuya, Selma M.;Bjornsti, Mary-Ann;van Waardenburg, Robert C. A. M.

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为了解决威胁核和线粒体基因组以及RNA分子的功能和结构完整性的拓扑问题,人类细胞编码六种不同的DNA拓扑异构酶,包括IB型酶(TOP 1和TOP 1 mt)、IIA型酶(TOP 2 α和TOP 2 β)和IA型酶(TOP 3 α和TOP 3 β)。DNA缠结和DNA分子的超螺旋由拓扑异构酶通过引入瞬时酶联DNA断裂来调节。共价拓扑异构酶-DNA复合物是多种癌症化疗药物的细胞靶点,其可逆地稳定这些反应中间体。在这里,我们回顾了每个真核DNA拓扑异构酶家族的结构-功能和催化机制,以及目前批准用于患者治疗或临床试验的拓扑异构酶靶向药物,并强调了这些药物临床开发的新进展和挑战。
To resolve the topological problems that threaten the function and structural integrity of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and RNA molecules, human cells encode six different DNA topoisomerases including type IB enzymes (TOP1, and TOP1mt), type IIA enzymes (TOP2α and TOP2β) and type IA enzymes (TOP3α and TOP3β). DNA entanglements and the supercoiling of DNA molecules are regulated by topoisomerases through the introduction of transient enzyme-linked DNA breaks. The covalent topoisomerase-DNA complexes are the cellular targets of a diverse group of cancer chemotherapeutics, which reversibly stabilize these reaction intermediates. Here we review the structure-function and catalytic mechanisms of each family of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerases and the topoisomerase-targeting agents currently approved for patient therapy or in clinical trials, and highlight novel developments and challenges in the clinical development of these agents.
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