Presence of parabens, phenols and phthalates in paired maternal serum, urine and amniotic fluid.
Presence of parabens, phenols and phthalates in paired maternal serum, urine and amniotic fluid.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2021.106987
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Andersson AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bräuner EV;Uldbjerg CS;Lim YH;Gregersen LS;Krause M;Frederiksen H;Andersson AM
检查孕妇体内是否存在选定的内分泌干扰化学物质，并通过胎盘屏障进入羊水，从而可能暴露正在发育的胎儿。同时采集（<1 小时）200 名单胎妊娠孕妇（年龄 >18 岁）并在妊娠第 12 至 36 周期间接受羊膜穿刺术的母体血清、尿液和羊水样本。通过同位素稀释 TurboFlowliquid 分析六种不同的对羟基苯甲酸酯、七种酚类、15 种邻苯二甲酸二酯的 31 种代谢物和多氯卡班的浓度色谱-串联质谱法。所有包含的化合物的浓度在母体尿液中最高，其次是血清，在羊水中最低。在羊水中测量的六种对羟基苯甲酸酯中，最常检测到对羟基苯甲酸甲酯 (MeP) 和对羟基苯甲酸乙酯 (EtP)（分别占样品的 87% 和 33%）。在测量的七种苯酚中，三种苯酚（2,4-二氯苯酚、2,5-二氯苯酚、2-丙基苯酚）可在羊水样本的 14-21% 范围内检测到，浓度较低（<0.12 ng/ml）。两种邻苯二甲酸酯次生代谢物，邻苯二甲酸单（2-羧甲基己基）酯和邻苯二甲酸单羧基异辛酯各自存在于≤15%的羊水中，其浓度比母体血清中低2-5倍，比母体尿液中低20-100倍。在配对的母体尿液-羊水样本中检测到 MeP 和 EtP 水平之间存在适度的统计显着相关性（Spearman rMeP：0.246；rEtP：0.364）。同样，配对母体尿液和羊水样本中邻苯二甲酸单乙酯 (MEP) 的浓度显示出适度的统计显着相关性（Spearman rMEP：0.264），这是由于仅 3% 的羊水样本中可检测到 MEP 水平所致。一般来说，所含的对羟基苯甲酸酯、苯酚和邻苯二甲酸盐会被有效代谢并通过尿液排出体外，这是反映最高可检测水平的基质。人羊水中可检测到的几种苯甲酸酯和邻苯二甲酸盐含量要求进一步研究单个和多种内分泌干扰物的毒代动力学和潜在的内分泌干扰特性，以便更好地评估对发育中胎儿的风险。
To examine whether selected endocrine disrupting chemicals were present in pregnant women and passed through the placental barrier to amniotic fluid, potentially exposing the developing fetus. Paired samples of maternal serum, urine and amniotic fluid were concurrently collected (<1 h) from 200 pregnant women (age >18 years) with a singleton pregnancy and undergoing amniocentesis between gestational weeks 12 – 36. The concentration of six different parabens, seven phenols, 31 metabolites from 15 phthalate diesters and the polychlorinated substance triclocarban were analyzed by isotope diluted TurboFlowliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Concentrations of all included compounds were highest in maternal urine followed by serum, and lowest in amniotic fluid. Of the six parabens measured in amniotic fluid, methylparaben (MeP) and ethylparaben (EtP) were detectable most often (87% and 33% of the samples, respectively). Of the seven phenols measured, three (2,4-dichlorphenol, 2,5-dichlorphenol, 2-propylphenol) were detectable in the range of 14–21% of the amniotic fluid samples, at low concentrations (<0.12 ng/ml). Two secondary phthalates metabolites, mono-(2-carboxymethyl-hexyl) phthalate and mono-carboxy-iso-octyl phthalate were each present in ≤15% of the amniotic fluid samples at concentrations 2–5 times lower than in maternal serum and 20–100 times lower than in maternal urine. A modest statistically significant correlation between the levels of MeP and EtP was detected in paired maternal urine-amniotic fluid samples was detected (Spearman rMeP: 0.246; rEtP: 0.364). Likewise, the concentration of mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) in paired maternal urine and amniotic fluid samples indicated a modest statistically significant correlation (Spearman rMEP: 0.264), driven by detectable levels of MEP in only 3% of the amniotic fluid samples. In general, the included parabens, phenols and phthalates were effectively metabolized and excreted via the urine, which was the matrix that reflected the highest detectable levels. The detectable levels of several included parabens and phthalates in human amniotic fluid calls for further investigations of the toxicokinetic and potential endocrine disrupting properties of individual and multiple endocrine disruptors in order to better assess the risk to the developing fetus.
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Fisher, B. G.;Thankamony, A.;Acerini, C. L.
通讯作者：
Acerini, C. L.
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Cantonwine, David E.;Cordero, Jose F.;Rivera-Gonzalez, Luis O.;Del Toro, Liza V. Anzalota;Ferguson, Kelly K.;Mukherjee, Bhramar;Calafat, Antonia M.;Crespo, Noe;Jimenez-Velez, Braulio;Padilla, Ingrid Y.;Alshawabkeh, Akram N.;Meeker, John D.
通讯作者：
Meeker, John D.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Boberg, J.;Axelstad, M.;Hass, U.
通讯作者：
Hass, U.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hart, Roger J.;Frederiksen, Hanne;Main, Katharina M.
通讯作者：
Main, Katharina M.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Frederiksen, H.;Sorensen, K.;Juul, A.
通讯作者：
Juul, A.