Drainage of cells and soluble antigen from the CNS to regional lymph nodes.
Drainage of cells and soluble antigen from the CNS to regional lymph nodes.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11481-013-9470-8
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发表时间：
2013-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weller RO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laman JD;Weller RO
尽管没有常规的引流，但脑脊液（CSF）和间质液（ISF）从CNS有效引流到区域淋巴结。在动物和人类中，CSF通过穿过筛骨筛板的通道从蛛网膜下腔引流至鼻粘膜和颈部淋巴结;抗原呈递细胞（APC）沿着该途径迁移至淋巴结。ISF和溶质通过单独的途径沿着脑毛细血管和动脉壁中沿着100-150 nm宽的基底膜从脑实质排出至颈部淋巴结。该途径对于APC的迁移来说太窄，因此APC不太可能通过该途径直接从脑实质运输到淋巴结。我们提出了中枢神经系统免疫反应中区域淋巴结的关键参与模型。局部淋巴结在病毒感染中中枢神经系统免疫反应中的作用，肠道微生物群的远程影响，多发性硬化症和中风进行了讨论。有证据表明颈部淋巴结在诱导耐受性及其对神经免疫反应的影响中的作用。我们展望未来，通过研究纳米颗粒技术将如何增强我们对CNS-淋巴结连接的理解，并通过审查脑淋巴引流对从神经免疫性疾病到痴呆的CNS疾病的诊断和治疗的影响。最后，我们回顾了CNS-淋巴结相互作用及其参与疾病过程的挑战和机遇。
Despite the absence of conventional lymphatics, there is efficient drainage of both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) from the CNS to regional lymph nodes. CSF drains from the subarachnoid space by channels that pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the nasal mucosa and cervical lymph nodes in animals and in humans; antigen presenting cells (APC) migrate along this pathway to lymph nodes. ISF and solutes drain from the brain parenchyma to cervical lymph nodes by a separate route along 100–150 nm wide basement membranes in the walls of cerebral capillaries and arteries. This pathway is too narrow for the migration of APC so it is unlikely that APC traffic directly from brain parenchyma to lymph nodes by this route. We present a model for the pivotal involvement of regional lymph nodes in immunological reactions of the CNS. The role of regional lymph nodes in immune reactions of the CNS in virus infections, the remote influence of the gut microbiota, multiple sclerosis and stroke are discussed. Evidence is presented for the role of cervical lymph nodes in the induction of tolerance and its influence on neuroimmunological reactions. We look to the future by examining how nanoparticle technology will enhance our understanding of CNS-lymph node connections and by reviewing the implications of lymphatic drainage of the brain for diagnosis and therapy of diseases of the CNS ranging from neuroimmunological disorders to dementias. Finally, we review the challenges and opportunities for progress in CNS-lymph node interactions and their involvement in disease processes.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Fabriek, BO;Zwernmer, JNP;Castelijns, JA
通讯作者：
Castelijns, JA
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Frenkel, Dan;Puckett, Lindsay;Weiner, Howard L.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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McEwen, Bruce S.
DOI：
10.1126/science.1217697
发表时间：
2012-03-23
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Landreth GE
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
de Vos, AF;van Meurs, M;Laman, JD
通讯作者：
Laman, JD